renal- fluid management and filtration Flashcards
how does blood enter each kidnet?
the renal arteries
this structure transports urine from kidneys to the bladder
ureters
this structure stores urine until voided
bladder
this structure carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body
urethra
this is released from the kidney to control RBC production
EPO
this is released from the kidneys and controls the formation of angiotensin from angiotensinogen
renin
the kidneys convert 25-hydroxyvitamin D which influences _______ balance
calcium
the body is what % water?
45-70%
plasma is about ____% of blood volume
55%
this is the proportion of blood that is made up of RBCs
hematocrit
what is a normal hematocrit?
40-45%
this is the concentration of particles in fluid
osmolarity
what is normal osmolarity?
300 mOsm/L
this is addition of high salts (increased osmolarity) that causes a shift of fluid
hyperosmotic contraction or expansion
this is the addition of low salts (low osmolarity) that causes a shift of fluid from ECF to ICF
hypoosmotic contraction or expansion
this refers to when volume increases or decreases without a fluid shift
Isoosmotic
volume contraction always results in _______ (+/-) ECF
decreased
volume expansion always results in ______ (+/-) ECF
increased
diarrhea results in what type of fluid shift?
isosmotic volume contraction
water deprivation results in what type of fluid shift?
hyperosmotic volume contraction
adrenal insufficiency results in what type of fluid shift?
hypoosmotic volume contraction
isotonic NaCl results in what type of fluid shift?
isosmotic volume expansion
high salt intake results in what type of fluid shift?
hyperosmotic volume expansion
SIADH results in what type of fluid shift?
hypoosmotic volume expansion