Female Reproduction

Question 1

this is the production process of a mature oocyte

Answer 1

oogenesis

Question 2

list the process of follicle development

Answer 2

primordial follicle–> primary follicle–> secondary follicle –> graafian follicle–> ovulation of oocyte

Question 3

affect of estrogen on LH release in the follicular phase and mid-cycle

Answer 3

follicular phase- negative feedback
mid-cycle- positive feedback

Question 4

is progesterone release from the ovary in the luteal phase positive or negative feedback on GnRH?

Answer 4

negative

Question 5

LH affects what cell type?

Answer 5

theca cells

Question 6

LH stimulates theca cells to produce what two products?

Answer 6

androgens and progesterone

Question 7

FSH affects what cell type?

Answer 7

granulosa cells

Question 8

FSH stimulates what conversion in granulosa cells?

Answer 8

aromatase: testosterone–> estrogen

Question 9

the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle is stimulated by what hormone?

Answer 9

FSH

Question 10

what occurs in the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle?

Answer 10

follicle containing the oocyte develops

Question 11

this hormone is releases in the late follicular phase

Answer 11

inhibin

Question 12

what is the function of inhibin in the late follicular phase?

Answer 12

decreases FSH secretion to prevent a surge during ovulation

Question 13

what hormone(s) is secreted in the late follicular phase

Answer 13

progesterone
LH
(estrogen–> + feedback)

Question 14

what causes ovulation

Answer 14

LH surge

Question 15

right after ovulation, the mature follicle releases _______ which leads to prostaglandin production

Answer 15

collagenase

Question 16

what hormone sdoes the corpus luteum produce in the early luteal phase?

Answer 16

progesterone
estrogen

Question 17

function of progesterone

Answer 17

endometrium development and thickening of cervical mucus

Question 18

the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle occurs when in relation to ovulation?

Answer 18

prior to ovulation

Question 19

what hormone drives the uterine proliferative phase?

Answer 19

estrogen

Question 20

the secretory phase of the uterine cycle occurs when in relation to ovulation?

Answer 20

after ovulation

Question 21

this hormone drives the secretory phase of the uterine cycle

Answer 21

progesterone

Question 22

role of progesterone in the secretory phase of the uterine cycle

Answer 22

maintains endometrium

Question 23

where does fertilization take place?

Answer 23

fallopian tube

Question 24

this hormone promotes formation of a mucus plug which prevents sperm from moving through

Answer 24

progesterone

Question 25

implantation is dependent on ______ levels

Answer 25

progesterone

Question 26

this refers to the tissue layer that encloses the developing embryo

Answer 26

chorion

Question 27

this structure refers to the close connection of the fetal circulation and the blood vessels of the endometrium

Answer 27

chorionic villi

Question 28

the chorion releases what?

Answer 28

hCG

Question 29

function of hCG

Answer 29

maintains corpus luteum (ensures secretion of progesterone and estrogen)

Question 30

these two hormones are high during pregnancy

Answer 30

progesterone and estrogen

Question 31

oxytocin during birth is a ________ feedback mechanism

Answer 31

positive

Question 32

prolactin vs oxytocin function in pregnancy

Answer 32

prolactin- breast development
oxytocin- letdown reflex after birth

Question 33

during pregnancy, these 2 hormones prevent the production of milk

Answer 33

dopamine (PIH)
estrogen

Question 34

combination pill (estrogen and progestin) MOA

Answer 34

no LH surge –> no ovulation
progestin- thinning of endometrium and increased cervical mucus

Question 35

progestin only pill MOA

Answer 35

thickens cervical mucus so implantation less likely