Male Reproduction

Question 1

this type of sex is directed by our genome

Answer 1

genetic sex

Question 2

this type of sex is defined by the presence of male or female gonads (testes or ovaries)

Answer 2

gonadal sex

Question 3

this type of sex is determined by the physical characteristics of the internal genital tract and the external genitalia

Answer 3

phenotypic sex

Question 4

genetic sex differentiation depends on if _____ is expressed or not

Answer 4

SRY

Question 5

leydig cells secrete _______ to stimulate maturation of _______ duct into vas deferens

Answer 5

testosterone
Wolffian

Question 6

sertoli cells secrete _______________ to stimulate disintegration of ______ duct

Answer 6

mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS)
Mullerian

Question 7

male external genitalia development depends on the conversion of androgen to _____

Answer 7

DHT

Question 8

this syndrome is the loss of function of the Y chromosome and genetic males will develop a uterus and female external genitalia

Answer 8

Swyer syndrome

Question 9

GnRH is released by the _________ which stimulates the anterior pituitary to release ____ and _____

Answer 9

hypothalamus
LH and FSH

Question 10

what type of hormones do the gonads produce?

Answer 10

steroid and peptide hormones

Question 11

this enzyme is responsible for the conversion of estrogens from testosterone

Answer 11

aromatase

Question 12

this enzyme is responsible for synthesis of DHT from testosterone

Answer 12

5-alpha reductase

Question 13

true or false- 5-alpha reductase inhibitors are sometimes used to treat BPH and baldness

Answer 13

true

Question 14

will continuous release of GnRH increase or decrease release of LH and FSH?

Answer 14

decrease- due to desensitization of anterior pituitary

Question 15

________ secretion of GnRH, FSH and LH occur at puberty and continues throughout reproductive years

Answer 15

pulsatile

Question 16

increased FSH and LH levels in puberty lead to the release of _________ and _________

Answer 16

testosterone and estradiol

Question 17

testosterone and estradiol are responsible for ____________ _______ characteristics

Answer 17

secondary sex

Question 18

these are primarily responsible for pubic and axillary hair development

Answer 18

adrenal androgens

Question 19

in males, LH stimulates primarily what cell type?

Answer 19

leydig cells

Question 20

in males, FSH typically stimulates what cell type?

Answer 20

Sertoli cells

Question 21

where does speratogenesis occur?

Answer 21

testes

Question 22

spermiogenesis is the loss of ______ and formation of _______

Answer 22

cytoplasm
flagella

Question 23

the nucleus of the sperm contains what?

Answer 23

23 chromosomes

Question 24

the acrosome of the sperm contains what?

Answer 24

vesicle filled with oocyte penetrating enzymes

Question 25

the middle piece of the sperm contains what?

Answer 25

mitochondria to provide ATP energy

Question 26

Sertoli cells are stimulated by these 2 molecules

Answer 26

FSH testosterone

Question 27

Sertoli cells also synthesize and secrete _______ into seminiferous tubules to bind testosterone to keep levels high for sperm development

Answer 27

androgen binding protein (ABP)

Question 28

Sertoli cells release ______ to inhibit FSH release without inhibiting LH release

Answer 28

inhibin

Question 29

what 3 structures produce semen?

Answer 29

1- seminal vesicle 2- prostate 3- bulbourethral gland

Question 30

why does BPH impact urination?

Answer 30

the prostate surrounds the urethra

Question 31

erection is due to what part of the the NS?

Answer 31

PS

Question 32

is emission and ejaculation sympathetic or PS?

Answer 32

sympathetic

Question 33

explain the positive feedback mechanism of an erection

Answer 33

blood fills penis--> compression of veins--> prevents blood from draining--> further maintains erection

Question 34

this is the accumulation of sperm cells and secretions of the prostae gland and seminal vesicles in the urethra

Answer 34

emission

Question 35

this occurs when skeletal muscles and the base of the penis contracts and forces semen out of the urethra

Answer 35

ejaculation

Question 36

what prevents semen and urine from mixing?

Answer 36

sympathetic constriction of urinary bladder internal sphincter during ejaculation