Relations and disputes with parliaments, 1625-29 Flashcards
What were the main themes of the 1625 Parliament?
FINANCE
Arminians
Buckingham
Why does Charles feel his prerogative has been attacked in the 1625 Parliament?
Needs money for Anglo-Spanish war
Doesn’t explain clearly
Parliament only give 2 small subsidies & t & p for 1 year
Charles needed £1 million
Collects t&p anyways
What do parliament attack Charles for in the 1625 Parliament?
What is Charles’ response?
What does this show?
Support for Montagu
Made him Royal Chaplain 1625
Disregard for Calvin & parliament views
Why were favourites a topic of discussion in the 1625 Parliament?
Buckingham has big influence
Increased since 1616 & James’ death
Gentleman of the chamber (access to Charles at all times)
Why did Charles dissolve the 1625 Parliament?
When?
What was not achieved during this parliament?
Response to Arminian & Buckingham attacks
August 1625 (2 months)
Charles made no concessions
When was the Cadiz fallire?
What was it?
Inbetween 1625 & 1626 parliaments
Disastrous anti-Spanish intervention in 30 years war
How & why did Cadiz fail?
Fail to take Cadiz port
German mercenary court troops raised by force
Ill trained & equipped
4,000/6,000 died of disease & starvation
What was a consequence of the Cadiz failure?
Charles needs to recall parliament for funds
How was the 1626 Parliament opened?
Opening sermon by anti-Calvinist
Antagonised Parliament
Why was the 1626 parliament called?
Why does Charles think parliament is avoiding this?
Needed funds for 30 years war
Parliament blame Buckingham for Cadiz as he was the Lord High Admiral
Which opponents of Charles were shut out?
Which opponents of Buckingham were shut out?
Coke
Wentworth
Made sheriffs
Dismissed Williams
Arrested earl of Arundel
Who were impeachment charges bagna against during the 1626 parliament?
How did Charles avoid this?
Buckingham
Pushed onto Bristol (treason)
Bristol convinces MPs of Buckingham treason with evidence
So Charles threatens parliament’s existence
How was parliament’s negative impression of Charles reinforced in the 1626 parliament?
What was this made worse by?
Charles handling of Buckingham impeachment proceedings reeked of absolutism
Dissolution in 1626
What did Charles use to raise money for the 30 years war when he dissolved the 1626 parliament?
The forced loan
Only 70% collected
Why did Charles dissolve the 1626 parliament?
Antagonised by parliament blaming Buckingham for Cadiz
Parliament not funding FP
Buckingham impeachment proceedings
What was the La Rochelle exposition?
When?
Buckingham in charge of reversing aid of Catholic France against Protestant Huguenots (french Protestants)
1627
Why did the La Rochelle campaign fail?
How many men returned?
Months of siege & eventual failure at St Martian stronghold (bc ladders too short for wall)
3,000/8,000 returned
Why was La Rochelle pointless?
Policy reverse not needed
French king & Huguenots already made peace
Britain now at war with Spain & France 2 years into Charles’ reign
How did the 1628-29 parliament start off well?
Commons seemed willing to compromise at start
Would agree to 5 subsidies for war if dealt with:
Illegality of extra taxes
Billeting (hosting of troops without compensation)
Martial law (seen as absolutist)
Imprisonment without trial (after 5 knights case)
When was the 5 knights case?
What was it?
1627
Imprisoned for opposing forced loan
Claimed Habeus Corpus in court
Case saw Charles prerogative upheld
What did the outcome of the 5 knights case mean?
How did Charles go against this?
Charles had right to imprison without trial for this case only, not in general
Falsified documents stating ruling was in general
When were the 5 knights released?
1628
What was parliament’s response to the ruling of the 5 knights case?
Who supported this?
Petition of right 1628
Concern that Charles couldn’t be trusted to rule without written constitution
Coke
What were the 4 main points of parliament’s petition of right?
Parliament must consent to taxation
Imprisonment only if just cause shown
Martial law illegal on population
Billeting illegal
When did Charles accept the petition of right?
What was the problem with his response?
June 1628
Under threat of impeachment proceedings on Buckingham
Needed funds for FP
Not legal response of royal assent
Could Charles be trusted?
Why did Charles suspend the 1628-29 parliament?
What did Charles to immediately after?
Remonstrance (grievance) attacked Buckingham’s FP
Another remonstrance as Charles collected t&p against petition of right
Collected t&p
When was Buckingham assassinated?
Who by?
What was the publics reaction?
What did Charles do?
23 august 1628
Disgruntled soldier Felton (at La Rochelle)
Public rejoice
Blamed parliament
Listened to wife more
What was arbitrary arrest?
Arrest or imprisonment of any person without any reason or evidence
What is habeas corpus
A writ (form of written command) requiring those under arrest to be tried/brought before a judge before imprisonment
