Chapter 15 Flashcards
When did the rump struggle to maintain authority?
After 1649 & during interregnum
When was the Dutch war?
What was it a source of division between?
1652-54
Army & rump
What group of Dutch did the army see an ally?
Why?
Protestant, merchant-class Dutch republic
Was a haven for religious radicle during Laudian persecution
What was the navigation act?
1651
Only English ships can bring goods to England & its colonies
What caused the Dutch war?
May 1652
Clashes at sea push war
Why was there army resentment over the Dutch war?
Money spent on navy instead
Didn’t like sighting another Protestant republic
Why did the rump make limited reforms?
Who did this anger?
Conservative
Hadn’t wanted to remove monarch
Limit rev
15% revs
Army
Why was the rump conservative & only passed limited reforms?
Conservatism of individual MPs
Necessary conservative approach to economy due to crisis
Eat regime was priority over reform due to security threats (Scot, ire)
Feared radical religious groups
Dutch war = focus
Why did the rump fail?
P & NMA relationship fragile
PN conservative demand return to monarchy
Vs
Radical min wanting further reform
What was The Hale commission?
1652
Radical recommendations for further reform
Put into action
What did the Blasphemy act indicate?
Rump too religiously conservative
What reforms was the rump able to make?
Despite this, what did they lack?
End compulsory attendance of Presbyterian church
Legal proceedings in English not Latin
Const reform
Why was the army not able to really pressure the rump?
Distracted by Ireland & Scots
What individual acted as moderator between the army & rump 1652-53?
Why?
What did he achieve?
Cromwell
Concerned about rump lack of progress
Secured rump dissolution date: Nov 1653
Why did Cromwell want to dissolve the rump?
Vision of godly nation
Rump cut army budget
Preventing ungodly returning to power
P control of army commands
Why was the rump forcibly dissolved?
By who?
When?
Rump set up means to maintain their power after Cromwell set the date for its dissolution
Cromwell & Harrison
April 1653
What did Cromwell suggest to replace the rump?
Didn’t become a military dictator by taking power
Suggested a new p: National Assembly
What is another name for the National Assembly?
When was it in session?
Parliament of saints
July - Dec 1653
What was Cromwell’s hope for the NA p?
What did this show?
For the godly to be represented
Cromwell’s millenarianism
Where did the ‘saints’ part of the NA come from?
5th monarchists wanted regime run by ‘saints’
Cromwell & 5th monarchists = millenarians
Where did the 5th monarchists have support?
What did they become?
Army
Pressure group as saw rump preventing godly reformation
How many 5th monarchists were there?
Only 12
What were the positives of the NA?
Reform proposals:
Law in debt
Increased humane treatment of insane
Tougher measures against thieves & highwaymen
Reforms not too radical to frighten moderates but some in assembly wanted more
What were the negatives of the NA that led to its undoing?
Radicals suggested cut to army pay
Alienated moderates in & out of NA (Cromwell)
What was Lamberts military coup?
When?
Dec 1653
Moderates from NA meet to vote Cromwell back to power
Out vote radicals
Scot NMA officials support
What did lambert military coup achieve?
Cromwell = Lord protector under written constitution ‘instrument of gov’ by lambert
