Chapter 21 - The Glorious Revolution Flashcards
How did William take control of London?
Occupying forces
James’ army defected to William
Who made up the new Convention Parliament?
When did they first meet?
What was their aim?
3 5ths Whigs
2 5ths Tories
22 January 1689
Discuss & justify deposing James for William
Introduce new laws to the constitution
How was the Convention Parliament divided over the succession?
Whigs think James forfeited throne
Tories want William & Mary to be regents or Mary to be Queen with William as consort
What were the 2 propositions the Lords agreed on concerning succession?
What was this encouraged by?
Mary shares title (not power) of monarch
Mary’s sister, Anne ahead of others in succession if Mary died before having own heirs
William warned return to Holland if not made king in secret meeting with peers
What was the Declaration of Rights?
1689
No Catholics to be in power
Ambiguous in terms of James removal & William & Mary position
Caused some people to see James as lawful king
Read during William & Mary offering of crown ceremony
Why did William & Mary swear a different oath at their coronation?
To show their different position
What was the Mutiny Act?
1689
Prevented creation of standing army without Parliament consent
What was the Toleration Act?
1689
Exempted dissenters from penal laws if they took an oath of allegiance
What was the Bill of Rights?
1690
Diluted Declaration of Rights
Rejects/prevents absolutism
Limited monarchy/constitutional monarchy
What was the financial settlement of March 1690?
£1.2 million annually for crown
1/2 for civil government
1/2 for war
Crown immediately in debt
What was the Milan Loan Act?
1693 & 94
Established Bank of England
Funding for war with France
Secured Parliament control over monarch
Financial revolution
How were Scotland & Ireland viewed/treated after the Glorious Revolution?
Scotland continued being treated preferentially to Ireland
Scotland given respect as defeated power
Ireland seen as defeated enemy (not united with England) & punished
What was the purpose of the meeting of the Convention of Estates (Scottish elite) with William?
Agree continuation of the contractual theory of kingship
What maintained Presbyterianism in Scotland after the Glorious Revolution?
Abolition of Bishops
What was the Jacobite Highlander Rebellion?
Aim to put James II’s family back on throne
Jacobite = James supporters
Defeated 1690