Chapter 20 - Failure Of Exclusion Flashcards
When was the Exclusion Crisis?
What id the timeline for it? (4)
1679-81
1st Exclusion p
Supp & opp to Exclusion
2nd Exclusion p
Oxford P
Failure of Exclusion
When was the 1st Exclusion p?
What were the 2 main topics?
March - May 1679
Fear of absolutism & Catholicism
Histeria of Popish Plot
Debates over James II
C contact w/ Catholics
Why did P take measures to secure it’s freedom & rights during the 1st Ex P?
What measures did they take? (2)
Fear of Cath succession & absolutism
£200,000 to disband C standing army in peace time
Habeus Corpus Amendment Act, 1679, no imprisonment w/o trial, bar felonies
Which political party supp/opp Exluison?
Tories = anti-Exclusionist
Whigs = Exclusionist
What showed C negotiating w/ France & pope?
April 1678
Colman’s correspondence revealed
Why does Charles promise limitations on potential Cath monarchs?
Commons accuse James of amplifying conspiracies
When were impeachment charges brought up against James II?
What accompanied this?
What was C II’s response?
May 1678
Exclusion Bill
parogued 27 May 1678
Dissolved July
Before either Exclusionist Parliament
What does Charles do after the revealing of Coleman’s correspondence?
Continues negotiations between France & Dutch
What makes arguments over Exclusion more heated?
Charles ill August 1679
What petitions supported the Exclusion crisis?
Shaftesbury’s Whig group call for p meeting - 16,000 Londoners signed
Ignored
What allowed for pamphlets & books to support the Exclusion crisis?
Censorship Licencing Act lapsed in 1679
Exclusionist pamphlets attack James & disseminate anti-Cath sentiment
How did the Nov processions supp Exclusion?
Focused on anti-Cath & Exclusion
What plot supp Exclusion?
Oates’ Popish Plot
Arrested 1684
Who was prosecuted in June 1680?
Charges of James being a recusant
C dissolved July before judgement
What was Filmer’s Patriarcha?
1680
Anti-Exclusion
P subordinate to crown
What was L’Estrange’s Obsercator?
Tory newspaper
1681-87
Exclusionist propaganda
When was the 2nd Exclusionist P?
When was the Oxford P?
1680
1681
What was proposed in the 2nd Exclusion P?
Why did C attend sessions in the Lords?
Why did C dissolve?
Another Exclusion Bill
To show supp for J
Lords rejected bill, offered C £600,000 for Exclusion & wouldn’t grant money till granted
Jan 1681
Describe the Oxford area
Loyalist
Moderates
What did C suggest in the Oxford P?
William & Mary as James’ regents
Commons rejected & new Exclusion Bill
When did C dissolve the Oxford P?
Why was he able to do so?
Financed by Louis XIV
March 1681 secret treaty
£40,000 immediately
£115,000 annually for 3 years
promised not to call p for 3 years
What was Charles’ propaganda after dissolving P?
April 1681
The Declaration Touching the Reasons That Moved Him to Dissolve the Two Last ps
What was a positive & negative of the 2nd Exclusion/Oxford p?
Defeated Exclusion & removed threat
Failed to get settlement w/ p so relied on French finances
How did Charles’ finance lead to the failure of Exclusion?
Secret 1681 treaty gave French funds
C could dissolve p
Stops Exclusion Bill passing
How did conservative Lords & church lead to the failure of Exclusion?
Moderate Bishops in Lords
Would never pass
Gives C block supp
How did wider supp lead to the failure of Exclusion?
Popular supp of Toryism
Strengthened by propaganda
C waited for supp to rally to him
How did prerogative powers lead to the failure of Exclusion?
Powers of dissolution to stop Exclusion Bills
How did the loyalism lead to the failure of Exclusion?
Resurged 1680-81
Tory propaganda portraying Exclusionists as wanting a Republic
How did radicalism of Exclusion lead to its failure?
Changing divine succession of monarchy
James subject to traitors death if tried to claim crown
How did limits of Whig support lead to the failure of Exclusion?
Whig crowd limited
Minority of MPs voted Exclusion, despite Shaftesbury having vocal support
How did persecution lead to the failure of Exclusion?
Charles persecuted & suppressed Whig opponents, backed by Tory supporters
How did Scotland lead to the failure of Exclusion?
Covenanter rebellion against religious restrictions crushed
Charles maintained control over Scotland
