Chapter 25 Flashcards
What was the Act of Settlement?
1701 (4th Parliament)
Established new line of succession after death of heir (Mary’s sister Anne’s last child’s death)
Ensured control over non-English monarchs
Made succession remain protestant
Who did the Act of Settlement establish in the line of succession?
Excluded 57 Catholic heirs
Chose Protestant Sophia of Hanover & her descendants
Granddaughter of James I
How did the Act of Settlement ensure control over non-English monarchs?
Non-English monarchy would need Parliament consent to declare war in defence of any countries not belonging to England
Government undertaken by Privy Council to prevent ‘secret advisors’ like William’s
Not allowed to leave England without Parliament consent
How did the Act of Settlement ensure monarchs were protestant?
Had to attend Church of England services & confirm to established rites of the church
(Monarchs religion no longer adopted religion of country - separate church & state)
What was the Act of Settlement designed to do?
Prevent return of the Stuarts - supporters of James Stuart, James II 13 year old Catholic son
How did the Act of Settlement hand legal proceedings from crown to Parliament?
Stopped crown pardon preventing impeachment proceedings
parliament, not crown could remove judges
How did the Act of Settlement impact monarchal power?
Sovereignty over monarchs power
How did the military develop under William & Mary?
Expanded
1689 - 10,000 troops
1702 - 93,000 troops
Navy employed 40,000 more
How did finances develop under William & Mary?
Concept of State Finances introduced during financial revolution
How did religion develop under William & Mary?
Church oof England broader in a Protestant sense
Dissenters less persecuted
Increased restrictions on Catholics
Separation of Church & State
What were the developments in Ireland under William & Mary?
Brutal suppression of Catholics
Accelerated Protestantization
What were the developments in Scotland under William & Mary?
Economic hardship after failed Darien Scheme
Conflict between crown & Jacobites
Union with England in 1707 to support them
How did administration develop under William & Mary?
Civil Service in 1702:
1693 land tax raised £46 million
1689-1714, 97% revenue raised from taxes
How had the Church of England developed under William & Mary?
More open: high-standing, conservative clergymen removed in Glorious Revolution
Less focused on orthodox uniformity: toleration for stability, intolerance for Catholics
Anti-Catholic sentiment: Act of Settlement, threatening as Ireland mostly Catholic & France
