RED BOXES Flashcards
PRIMARY SURVEY
- PRIMARY SURVEY FOCUSES ON ESTABLISHING PATIENT’S CLINICAL STATUS
- ONLY APPLYING INTERVENTIONS ESSENTIAL TO MAINTAIN LIFE.
- IT SHOULD BE COMPLETED IN UNDER 1 MINUTE OF ARRIVAL ON SCENE
MAXIMUM TIME ON SCENE FOR LIFE-THREATENING TRAUMA
EQUAL OR LESS THAN 10 MINUTES
MARKERS IDENTIFYING ACUTELY UNWELL
CARDIAC CHEST PAIN
ACUTE PAIN >5
MARKERS FOR MULTI-SYSTEM TRAUMA
SYSTOLIC BP <90
RESP RATE <10 0R >29
HEART RATE >120
AVPU = V/P/U
MECHANISM OF INJURY
ADULT PRESENTING WITH FBAO
WHAT IS DONE AFTER EACH CYCLE OF CPR
OPEN MOUTH LOOK FOR OBJECT
IF VISIBLE, ATTEMPT TO REMOVE
WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM HANDS OFF TIME FOR CPR
10 SECONDS
WHAT IS DONE FOLLOWING SUCCESSFUL ADVANCED AIRWAY MANAGEMENT
- VENTILATE AT 8 TO 10 PER MINUTE
- UNSYNCHRONISED CHEST COMPRESSIONS CONTINUOUS AT 100-120 PER MINUTE
FOR ABNORMAL WORK OF BREATHING
WHAT WOULD YOU CONSIDER FOR A RAISED ETCO2 + REDUCED SPO2
CONSIDER ASSITED VENTILATION
End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2)
FOR ABNORMAL WORK OF BREATHING
WHAT WOULD YOU DO IF THEY HAVE RAISED ETCO2 + NORMAL SPO2
ENCOURAGE DEEP BREATHS
FOR EXACERBATED COPD
WHAT PERCENTAGE DO YOU COMMENCE OXYGEN THERAPY AT?
28% AND TITRATE TO 92%
FOR EXACERBATION OF COPD
IF THERE IS NO IMPROVEMENT FROM SALBUTAMOL, WHAT INTERVALS CAN YOU ADMINISTER IT AT?
5 MINUTES
:(
Perforated esophageal intervention focus
IN ADULTS WITH ASTHMA
IF THERE ARE NO IMPROVEMENTS FROM SALBUTAMOL AEROSOL, HOW MANY TIMES CAN IT BE REPEATED
11 TIMES
positive means good
WHAT DOES A POSITIVE ETCO2 READING INDICATED ABOUT AN AIRWAY?
PATENT OR PARTIAL PATENT AIRWAY
WHAT IS A PATENT AIRWAY?
the ability of a person to breathe, with airflow passing to and from the respiratory system through the oral and nasal passages
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF BRADYCARDIA?
- ACUTE ALTERED MENTAL STATUS
- ISCHEMIC CHEST DISCOMFORT
- ACUTE HEART FAILURE
- HYPOTENSION
- SIGNS OF SHOCK
WHAT IS TRANSPORTED ALONGSIDE SOMEONE SUFFERING FROM DECOMPRESSION SICKNESS?
DIVE COMPUTER AND DIVE EQUIPMENT
WHAT OXYGEN THERAPY IS ADMINISTERED TO A PATIENT IN SICKLE CELL CRISIS?
15L OXYGEN VIA NON-REBREATHER FACEMASK
WHAT ARE CAUSES OF SEIZURES IN ADULTS?
- MENINGITIS
- HEAD INJURY
- HYPOGLYCAEMIA
- ECLAMPSIA
- FEVER
- POISONS
FHFFP
FACE
HANDS
FEET
FLEXION POINTS
PERINIUM
HARNESS INDUCED SUSPENSION TRAUMA
WHEN IS THE HARNESS REMOVED IF CIRCULATION IS COMPROMISED
WHEN PATIENT IS LOWERED TO GROUND
HIGH RISK FACTORS FOR SPINAL INJURY
- MECHANISM OF INJURY
- FALL FROM HEIGHT >1M OR >5 STEPS
- AXIAL LOAD TO THE HEAD OR BASE OF THE SPINE EG. DIVING
- ALOC
- AGED 65+
- AGE 2 OR LESS
SPINAL INJURY RULE IN CONSIDERATIONS
- ALOC
- IMMEDIATE ONSET SPINAL/BACK PAIN
- HAND OR FOOT WEAKNESS
- ABSENT/ALTERED SENSATION TO HANDS/FEET
- PRIAPISM
- HISTORY OF PAST SPINAL ISSUES
- UNABLE TO ROTATE NECK LEFT/RIGHT 45º
SUBMERSION/IMMERSION INCIDENT
WHAT SHOULD THE PRACTITIONER GIVING VENTILATIONS CONSIDER?
NEEDING TO APPLY HIGHER PRESSURE FOR VENTILATION BECAUSE OF POOR COMPLIANCE RESULTING FROM PULMONARY OEDEMA
HOW LONG IS THE PULSE CHECK FOR A HYPOTHERMIC PATIENT
30-45 SECONDS
EVIDENCE FOR AT RISK CRITERIA FOR SEPSIS
- ANY ONE CLINICAL SIGN OF ACUTE ORGAN DYSFUNCTION
- AT RISK OF NEUTROPENIA (BONE MARROW FAILURE/CHEMO/AUTOIMUNE DISORDER)
- GREATER OR EQUAL TO 2 SIRS CRITERIA PLUS 1 OR MORE CO-MORBIDITY
SIGNS OF SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SYNDROME (SIRS)
-TEMP LESS THAN 36º OR MORE THAN 38.3º
- HEART RATE 90+
- RESP RATE 20+
- ACUTELY CONFUSED
- GLUCOSE OVER 7.7 (NON-DIABETIC)
- PATIENT HAS 2 OR MORE SIGNS OF SIRS
NEW BORN/ NEONATAL CARE
MR SOPA (PA NOT RELEVANT)
MASK ADJUSTMENT
REPOSITION AIRWAY
SUCTION MOUTH + NOSE
OPEN MOUTH
PRESSURE INCREASE
ALTERNATIVE AIRWAY
ESTIMATED WEIGHT OF A NEONATE
3.5KG
ESTIMATED WEIGHT OF A 6MNTH OLD
6KG
ESTIMATED WEIGHT 1-5YRS
(AGE X 2) + 8KG
WHAT IS THE PAEDIATRIC ASSESSMENT TRIANGLE?
APPEARANCE
WORK OF BREATHING
CIRCULATION OF SKIN
PAEDIATRIC
SIGNS OF CROUPE
- HYPOXIA
- MARKED RESPITORY
- STRIDOR
- IRRITABILITY/LETHARGY
- MARKED INCREASED RESP RATE
SHOCK FROM BLOOD LOSS
SIGNS OF INADEQUATE PERFUSION
- INCREASED RESP RATE
- TACHYCARDIA
- DELAYED CAP REFILL
- DIMINISHED/ABSENT PERIPHERAL PULSES
- IRRITABILITY/CONFUSION/ALOC
- COOL EXTREMITY/MOTTLING
SEPSIS - PAEDIATRIC
SEPSIS RED FLAG ≥ 1
CHICA
- ALTERED MENTAL STATUS (P/U)
- INAPROPRIATE TACHYCARDIA
- LONG CAP REFIL
- HYPOTENSION
- CLINICAL DETERIORATION
SEPSIS - PAEDIATRIC
SEPSIS AMBER FLAG ≥1
VAPPI
- INAPPROPRIATE TACHYPONEA
- ALTERED FUNCTIONAL STATUS
- PRACTITIONER CONCERN
- PARENTAL CONCERN
- VITAL SIGN DETERIORATION
SEPSIS - PAEDIATRIC
RISK FACTORS
- IMMUNOCOMPROMISED
- AGE ≤3 MNTHS
- CHRONIC DISEASE
- RECENT SURGERY
- BREAK IN SKIN (EG. CHICKEN POX)
- INDWELLING LINE/DEVICE
- SIGNS OF INFECTION IN WOUND
- INCOMPLETE VACCINATION RECORD
INFANT AED
PAD PLACEMENT
FRONT AND BACK
PAEDIATRIC AED
WHAT IS THE AGE FOR THE USE OF PAEDIATRIC DEFIB SYSTEMS
UNDER 8
WHAT IS THE COMPRESSION/VENTILLATION RATE FOR A CHILD UNDER 12
15:2
WHAT IS THE RATE OF COMPRESSIONS/VENTILLATIONS FOR SOMEONE OVER 12
30:2
VF/VT PAEDIATRIC
POSSIBLE CAUSES
- HYPOTHERMIA
- HYPOXIA
- HYPOVALEMIA
- TENSION PNEUMOTHORAX
- TOXINS
- TRAUMA
- THROMBUS- CORNONARY
- HYPER/HYPOKALAEMIA
ADULT BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
RATE OF COMPRESSIONS
100-120/MIN
ADULT BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
DEPTH OF COMPRESSIONS
5-6CM
ADULT
WHAT IS THE VENTILLATION VOLUME
500-600ML
WHEN IS A PULSE CHECK DONE DURING CPR
AFTER 2 MINS OF CPR IF POTENTIALLY PERFUSING RYTHM
DEFINITIVE INDICATORS OF DEATH
- INCINERATION
- RIGOR MORTIS
- OBVIOUS POOLING (HYPOSTASIS)
- INCINERATION
- DECAPITATION
- INJURYS INCOMPATIBLE WITH LIFE
