PREGNANCY RELATED EMERGENCIES

Question 1

What is considered a full term baby?

Answer 1

37-40 weeks

Question 2

What is considered a pre-mature baby?

Answer 2

earlier than 37 weeks

Question 3

What is considered a late birth?

Answer 3

42 weeks

Question 4

what is a multiparous woman?

Answer 4

having given birth one or more times before in the past

Question 5

How long do contractions typically last?

Answer 5

30-70 seconds

Question 6

What are BRAXTON HICKS contractions?

Answer 6

contractions that are irregular and inconsistent. woman is not in labour

Question 7

What is the 5-1-1 rule

Answer 7

Contractions come every 5 minutes, lasting 1 minute, for at least 1 hour

TIME FOR HOSPITAL

Question 8

what is MECONIUM?

Answer 8

baby’s first poo
sign of fetal distress if it happens while baby is in utero

Question 9

What is a mucus plug/bloody show?

(normal)

Answer 9

sits inside cervix during pregnancy to keep cervix closed

“a collection of mucus that forms in the cervical canal in early pregnancy”

Question 10

What is gestational diabetes?

Answer 10

diabetes during pregnancy

Question 11

Why is high blood pressure a concern in pregnancy?

Answer 11

lacking blood flow
woman could get pre-eclampsia

Question 12

What is parity?

Answer 12

the number of times a woman has given birth to a foetus with a gestational age of 24 weeks or more, regardless of whether the child was born alive/still born

Question 13

what is the median gestational TIME for delivery of twins in ireland ?

Answer 13

37.1

Question 14

What is the left lateral tilt?

Answer 14

for patients more than 20 weeks of gestation, the patient should be tilted 15º
prevents supine hypotension syndrome

Question 15

what is the major concern of supine hypotension syndrome

Answer 15

baby isnt getting enough blood
can decrease mothers cardiac output by 28%

Question 16

What is pre-eclampsia?

Answer 16

High blood pressure
signs of damage to another organ system (most often to liver/kidneys)

Question 17

What is the pre-hospital diagnosis of pre-eclampsia?

Answer 17

• after 20 weeks of pregnancy
• New hypertension >140/90 x 2 readings 15 mins apart
• epigastric pain/vomiting
• pulmonary oedema
• reduced fetal movements
• new onset headaches/ visual disturbances

Question 18

What is PV bleeding?

Answer 18

Per Vagina bleeding

Question 19

How do u assess PV bleeding?

Answer 19

ask patient to describe bleeding?
volume/colour/consistency/location

Question 20

If there is PV bleeding, when would u pre-alert the ED?

Answer 20

if there is:
- pain
- high/low BP
- shock
- low placenta
- shoulder tip pain
- SEPSIS

Question 21

What is low placenta?

Answer 21

placenta is attached lower in the uterus

Question 22

What is placental abruption?

Answer 22

placenta has come away from the wall

Question 23

What placenta previa?

Answer 23

low placenta

Question 24

what is a miscarriage?

Answer 24

foetus that has been delivered/not survived before 24 weeks

Question 25

What is an ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 25

pregnancy that implants outside the uterus

Question 26

What is a molar pregnancy?

Answer 26

RARE abnormal collection of cells in uterus

Question 27

What is incompetent pregnancy/CERVIX?

Answer 27

cervix opens too early

Question 28

What is a uterine rupture?

Answer 28

rupture of the uterus

Question 29

What are the different classifications of miscarriage?

Answer 29

- Threatened - inevitable - incomplete - complete - missed

Question 30

What is a threatened miscarriage?

Answer 30

there are signs and symptoms of miscarriage, but might not happen

Question 31

What is an inevitable miscarriage?

Answer 31

miscarriage is inevitable

Question 32

What is an incomplete miscarriage?

Answer 32

not all parts from uterus has gotten out

Question 33

What is a complete miscarriage?

Answer 33

all the parts from uterus get out

Question 34

What is a missed miscarriage?

Answer 34

when a baby has died in the womb, but the mother hasn't had any symptoms, such as bleeding or pain

Question 35

What is hyperemesis gravidarum?

Answer 35

- vomiting more than x3 a day - dark coloured urine - severe dehydration

Question 36

What is a mal presentation?

Answer 36

any presentation other than a vertex presentation (the top of head first)

Question 37

What is the treatment for a prolapsed cord?

Answer 37

(hips higher than head) mother to adopt head down in left lateral position

Question 38

What are the three things you look for when a baby is born?

Answer 38

CRY COLOUR TONE

Question 39

Placenta accreta

Answer 39

a serious pregnancy condition that occurs when the placenta grows too deeply into the uterine wall.

Question 41

What is the clamping distance of an umbilical cord?

Answer 41

10/15/20cm

Question 42

What is CCT?

Answer 42

CONTROLLED CORD CONTRACTION

Question 43

what is postpartum hemmorhage

Answer 43

when a woman has heavy bleeding after giving birth. It's a serious but rare condition. It usually happens within 1 day of giving birth, but it can happen up to 12 weeks after having a baby. About 1 to 5 in 100 women who have a baby (1 to 5 percent) have PPH.

Question 44

How long is an umbilical cord at term?

Answer 44

50cm

Question 44

How many arteries/veins in the U.C

Answer 44

TWO ARTERIES ONE VEIN

Question 45

What is cord prolapse?

Answer 45

U.C come out before the head

Question 46

What is unstable lie?

Answer 46

baby's position keeps changing

Question 47

What is polyhydramnios?

Answer 47

there is too much amniotic fluid around the baby during pregnancy

Question 48

What is perinatal asphyxia?

Answer 48

a lack of blood flow or gas exchange to or from the fetus in the period immediately before, during, or after the birth process.

Question 49

What is shoulder dystocia?

Answer 49

when the baby's head has been born but one of the shoulders becomes stuck behind the mother's pubic bone, delaying the birth of the baby's body

Question 50

Where on the U.C is it cut?

Answer 50

15-20cm clamps

Question 51

What is an episiotomy?

Answer 51

cutting of the perineum

Question 52

When does labour start?

Answer 52

4cm dilated

Question 53

What is the first stage of labour?

Answer 53

cervix dilates-to when it is fully dilated

Question 54

what is second stage of labour

Answer 54

baby being born

Question 55

what is the third stage of labour

Answer 55

placenta and cord

Question 56

first trimester

Answer 56

0-12wks + 6 days

Question 57

second trimester

Answer 57

13-27wks + 6

Question 58

third trimester

Answer 58

28wks to delivery

Question 58

What is SpO2 for a new born?

Answer 58

1 min 60-65% ---+5 every min----- 10 min 85-95%

Question 58

what is cyanosis

Answer 58

baby is blue in colour

Question 58

Baby born without normal tone/breathing/crying

Answer 58

- warm/dry/stimulate baby - suction mouth BEFORE nose

Question 59

where on a baby do you take their oxygen?

Answer 59

RIGHT WRIST

Question 60

What is oxygen therapy for a term infant?

Answer 60

FiO2 21% (room air)

Question 61

what is oxygen for a preterm infant?

Answer 61

FiO2 30%

Question 62

For PPV on an infant, what is procedure?

Answer 62

single finger and thumb ventillations count: BREATHE....2.....3

Question 63

M.R S.O.P.A

Answer 63

MASK (correct size/fit) REPOSITION (move head to open airway) SUCTION OPEN MOUTH PRESSURE AIRWAY (alternative P/AP)

Question 64

How long is PPV done on an infant?

Answer 64

at least 30 seconds

Question 65

What is the CPR rate for infants

Answer 65

3 compressions 1 breath (100% oxygen)- USE BVM

Question 66

Where do you check for pulse on an infact?

Answer 66

bracchial

Question 67

When do you check the pulse of an infant in distress?

Answer 67

after effective PPV

Question 68

What is pre-alert criteria for an infant?

Answer 68

- PRETERM/LOW BIRTH WEIGHT - SUSPECTED CONGENITAL ANOMALY - PRE-IDENTIFIED COMPLICATIONS - CARDIAC ARREST

Question 69

What is the components of the warm chain?

Answer 69

- Drying and wrapping the baby immediately at birth. - Keeping the baby warm during any procedure, including resuscitation. - Keeping the immediate newborn in skin-to-skin contact with the mother. - Early initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of the birth; the warm milk and contact with the mother's body helps to keep the newborn baby warm. - Postponing bathing the newborn for the first 24 hours. - Keeping the baby warm during transportation. - Dressing the baby in appropriate clothing and bedding at all times.

Question 70

what the BGL of a newborn?

Answer 70

>2.6mmol/L

Question 71

where is BG taken from a newborn?

Answer 71

lateral curve of foot medial curve of foot