Musculoskeletal Head And Spinal Injuries Flashcards
What are ligaments?
Bone to bone
What is cartilage?
Protective gel-like substance lining the joints and inter verbal discs
What are tendons
Attach muscle to bone
What are the types of bone?
LONG
SHORT
FLAT
IRREGULAR
SESAMOID
Give an example of a flat bone?
Sternum
Give an example of an irregular bone?
Vertebrae
Give an example of a Sesamoid bone?
Patella
What are the types of joints?
HINGE
BALL AND SOCKET
PIVOT
ELLIPSOIDAL
Give an example of a hinge joint?
Elbow
Give an example of a pivot joint?
Top two vertebrae
Give an example of an ellipsoidal joint?
Wrist/carple
What is a dislocation?
Separation of two bones where they meet at a joint
What is a sprain?
Injury to ligaments around a joint
What is a strain?
Injury to a muscle or tendon in which muscle fibres tear as a result of over stretching
What is compartment syndrome?
Any condition in which nerves/arteries/ veins are compromised due to increased swelling in the tissue of an extremity
What are the types of splints?
RIGID
SOFT
TRACTION (paramedic)
What percentage of patients involved in RTAs suffer a head injury?
70%
What are the types of skull fracture?
LINEAR
DEPRESSED
BASILAR
OPEN
What is flail chest?
Three or more ribs are broken in at least two places
What type of lower limb fracture is considered potentially life threatening?
Bi-lateral femur fractures
What are signs of a pelvic injury?
- lateral foot rotation
- urge to pass water
- pain when pressure applied to iliac crest
how many bones do adults have
206
how many bones is a person born with?
300
What are the 4 functions of the skeleton?
- support body
- protects vital structures
- assists in body movements
- makes red blood cells
