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EMT > Musculoskeletal Head And Spinal Injuries > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Head And Spinal Injuries Flashcards

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NREMT® EMT flashcards
1
Q

What are ligaments?

A

Bone to bone

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2
Q

What is cartilage?

A

Protective gel-like substance lining the joints and inter verbal discs

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3
Q

What are tendons

A

Attach muscle to bone

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4
Q

What are the types of bone?

A

LONG
SHORT
FLAT
IRREGULAR
SESAMOID

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5
Q

Give an example of a flat bone?

A

Sternum

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6
Q

Give an example of an irregular bone?

A

Vertebrae

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7
Q

Give an example of a Sesamoid bone?

A

Patella

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8
Q

What are the types of joints?

A

HINGE
BALL AND SOCKET
PIVOT
ELLIPSOIDAL

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9
Q

Give an example of a hinge joint?

A

Elbow

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10
Q

Give an example of a pivot joint?

A

Top two vertebrae

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11
Q

Give an example of an ellipsoidal joint?

A

Wrist/carple

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12
Q

What is a dislocation?

A

Separation of two bones where they meet at a joint

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13
Q

What is a sprain?

A

Injury to ligaments around a joint

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14
Q

What is a strain?

A

Injury to a muscle or tendon in which muscle fibres tear as a result of over stretching

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15
Q

What is compartment syndrome?

A

Any condition in which nerves/arteries/ veins are compromised due to increased swelling in the tissue of an extremity

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16
Q

What are the types of splints?

A

RIGID
SOFT
TRACTION (paramedic)

17
Q

What percentage of patients involved in RTAs suffer a head injury?

A

70%

18
Q

What are the types of skull fracture?

A

LINEAR
DEPRESSED
BASILAR
OPEN

19
Q

What is flail chest?

A

Three or more ribs are broken in at least two places

20
Q

What type of lower limb fracture is considered potentially life threatening?

A

Bi-lateral femur fractures

21
Q

What are signs of a pelvic injury?

A
  • lateral foot rotation
  • urge to pass water
  • pain when pressure applied to iliac crest
22
Q

how many bones do adults have

A

206

23
Q

how many bones is a person born with?

A

300

24
Q

What are the 4 functions of the skeleton?

A
  • support body
  • protects vital structures
  • assists in body movements
  • makes red blood cells

EMT (45 decks)

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