Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is another term for first set of vitals

A

Baseline vitals

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2
Q

What is an organ?

A

Combination of tissues which form a structure in order to carry out a specific or specialised functions

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3
Q

What is the largest organ?

A

Skin

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4
Q

What is the largest internal organ?

A

Liver

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5
Q

What is a septum?

A

Wall of an organ that separates one side from the other

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6
Q

What is the mediastinum?

A

Where the heart and lungs sit

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7
Q

What is the name of the sac in which the heart sits?

A

Pericardium

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8
Q

What is the stroke volume of the heart?

A

70mls per beat

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9
Q

What is the average stroke volume per minute?

A

4900mls per minute

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10
Q

How is pulse pressure calculated?

A

Difference between systolic and diastolic pressure

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11
Q

Where is the heart situated?

A

In the thoracic cavity slightly to the left

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12
Q

Where does the apex rest?

A

On the diaphragm

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13
Q

What artery carries de-oxygenated blood?

A

Pulmonary artery

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14
Q

What carries oxygenated blood?

A

Pulmonary vein

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15
Q

What is the function of arteries?

A
  • transports blood away from the heart
  • primarily carries oxygenated blood (exception to pulmonary artery)
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16
Q

What is the purpose of veins?

A
  • transport blood to the heart
  • primarily carries de-oxygenated blood (except is pulmonary circulation)
17
Q

What is the function of carpillaries?

A

Gas exchange

18
Q

What are functions of the blood?

A
  • delivery of oxygen
  • delivery of nutrients
  • removal of waste products
  • fight infection
  • clotting
19
Q

What is the composition of blood?

A

Liquid: 55%
Solid: 45%

20
Q

What percentage of plasma is water?

A

90%

21
Q

What does SpO2 test for?

A

Amount of haemoglobin in the blood?

22
Q

What is average blood oxygen SpO2

A

94-98%

23
Q

What percentage of SpO2 is considered hypoxic?

A

85%?

24
Q

What is the function of white blood cells?

A
  • part of body’s defence against infection
  • macrophages remove injured/abnormal cells
  • removal of foreign microbes
25
Q

What is another term for white blood cells?

A

Leukocytes

26
Q

What are the functions of platelets?

A

Essential for formation of blood clots

27
Q

What is plasma?

A

Fluid that carries the blood cells and dissolved substances (eg. Protein/salt/hormones/enzymes)

28
Q

What are the sections of the abdomen?

A
  • upper right quadrant
  • upper left quadrant
  • lower right quadrant
  • lower left quadrant
29
Q

What organs are in the upper right quadrant?

A
  • liver
  • gallbladder
  • head of pancreas
  • right kidney
  • transverse colon
30
Q

What organs are in the upper left quadrant?

A
  • spleen
  • tail of pancreas
  • stomach
  • left kidney
  • transverse Colin
31
Q

What organs are in the lower right quadrant?

A
  • appendix
  • small intestine
  • right ovary
  • fallopian tube
  • ascending colon
  • caecum
32
Q

What organs are in the lower left quadrant?

A
  • small intestine
  • left ovary
  • fallopian tube
  • descending colon
33
Q

What are the functions of the skin?

A
  • protects the body from the external environment
  • keeps out bacteria + other harmful micro organisms
  • helps regulate body temperature
  • prevents water loss