Reactions with acid - Chemical Changes Flashcards
What is the atomic radius?
Distance between the centre of the atom to the outermost electron
What is the equation when a metal reacts with an acid?
metal + hydrochloric acid → metal salt + hydrogen
What acid is used during the practical?
Hydrochloric acid
What are the products of magnesium and hydrochloric acid?
Magnesium chloride + hydrogen
What happens to magnesium when it reacts with hydrochloric acid?
- Fizzing
- Dissolves quickly
- Hydrogen present
What does it mean when you light a splint and put it inside a test tube with a metal and HCl and it pops?
It means hydrogen gas is present
What happens to zinc when it reacts with hydrochloric acid?
- Very little fizzing
- Hydrogen present
What happens to iron when it reacts with hydrochloric acid?
- Slow fizzing
- Hydrogen present
What happens to copper when it reacts with hydrochloric acid?
- No reaction
- No Hydrogen present
How can you know how reactive a metal is (in water)?
One that produces the most bubbles is the most reactive
What is produced when a metal reacts with water?
Metal + water → Metal hydroxide + hydrogen
What does it mean when the universal indicator (water reactions) turn purple?
The solution is alkaline
How does lithium react with water?
- Bubbling
- Slowly dissolves
- Purple with UI
How does sodium react with water?
- Fizzing
- Moves quickly around surface
- Purple with UI
How does potassium react with water?
- Flames/ catches fire
- Vigorous fizzing
- Moves quickly
- Purple with UI
How does calcium react with water?
- gentle fizzing
- Slowly dissolves
- Purple with UI
What 3 metals were tested but didn’t react with water?
- Zinc
- Iron
- Copper
What can you react magnesium, zinc, iron and copper with since they are less reactive than potassium, sodium and lithium?
Dilute acid
What happens when metal reacts? How is its reactivity affected?
Lose electrons to form a positive ion, reactivity depends on its ability to lose an electron to form a positive ion
