Nanoparticles - Structure and Bonding Flashcards
What are coarse particles?
PM₁₀ have a diameter between 2500nm and 10,000nm - also called dust
What is nanoscience?
Refers to structures that are 1-100nm in size. Nanoparticles are smaller than fine particles
What are fine particles?
Diameter between 100nm and 2500nm
What are nanoparticles?
Diameter between 1nm and 100nm - particles that contain only a few hundred atoms
What is the surface area to volume ratio?
Very large
Formula for SA to V ratio
SA to V ratio = SA / V
What happens to the ratio as particles decrease in size?
Their SA increases in relation to their volume - causes ratio to increase
What is the size of nanoparticles in metres?
1 billionth of a metre (9 zeros)
Uses of nanoparticles
- Medicines
- Suncreams
- Cosmetics
- Deodrants
- Electronics
- Catalysts
Risks of nanoparticles
- Possible that they can be absorbed into the body and enter out cells
- No one knows the long term effects of this
- could damage enivornment
Advantages of nanoparticles
- Huge SA:V ratio - they could help make new catalysts
- Nanomedicine -tiny particles eg fullerenes are abosrbed more easily by body than most particles - can deliver drugs into cells where they are needed
- Some conduct electricity - can be used in tiny electric circuits for computer chips
- Silever nonop. have antibacterial properties - can be added to polymer fibres that are used to make surgical masks and wound dressings and deodrants
- Cosmetics - used to improve moisturisers without making them oily
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What happens when the side of a cube decreases by a factor of 10?
The SA to V ratio increases by a factor of 10
Nanoparticles containg what element are know to have what properties? What can we do with this and how will it help?
- Silver - has anti-bacterial properties
- can insert the minto surgical masks or wound dressings to reduce risk of infection
