Alkali Metals - Development of the Periodic Table

Question 1

Name the alkali metals

Answer 1

Lithium, Sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, francium

Question 2

What group are the alkali metals in?

Answer 2

1

Question 3

What are the properties of alkali metals?

Answer 3

Soft, low density, low melting point, reactive

Question 4

What happens when you go down the group?

Answer 4

Reactivity increases

Question 5

What happens to do melting/boiling points as you go down the group?

Answer 5

They decrease

Question 6

Why does reactivity increase as you go down group 1?

Answer 6

The atoms gets larger and the attraction between the nucleas and the electrons in the outer shell decrease which make it easy to lose the electron.

Question 7

How can you predict the reactivity of elements using the periodic table?

Answer 7

For metals (left), reactivity increases as you go down the group
But, reactivity decreases when moving from left to right along a period.

Question 8

Compare and contrast the properties of non-metals and metals

Answer 8

Metals - Good conductors, Malleable, only solids, high density, very hard, shiny
Non-metals - Bad Conductor. Non-malleable, liquid/gas,solids, low density, brittle, dull

Question 9

Elements in a period always have the same number of _______

Answer 9

Shells

Question 10

What are transition metals?

Answer 10

Typical metals that are good conductors, dense, strong and shiny. Found in the centre ( Group 2 and 3)

Question 11

What are special features of transition metals?

Answer 11

• They are coloured - compounds that contain them are colourful
• Can have more than 1 ion
• Transition metal compounds make a good catalyst

Question 12

Properties of alkali metals

Answer 12

• Soft
• Low melting and boiling point
• Increasing reactivity as you go down
• Higher relative atomic mass

Question 13

How do alkalis react with water?

Answer 13

• React vigorously and produce hydrogen gas and metal hydroxides
• Amount of energy given out by reaction increases as you go down group

Question 14

How do alkalis react with chlorine?

Answer 14

• Vigorously when heated in chlorine gas to form white metal chloride salts

Question 15

How do alkalis react with oxygen?

Answer 15

• Form metal oxide - different for each element
• Lithium - lithium oxide
• Sodium - mixture of sodium oxide and sodium peroxide
• Potassium - mixture of potassium peroxide and potassium superoxide

Question 16

Compare group 1 metals to transition metals

Answer 16

• Group 1 is more reactive
• Group 1 is less dense, strong and hard with lower melting points