Allotropes of Carbon - Structure and Bonding

Question 1

What is the formula for diamond?

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What is the formula for buckministerfullerene?

Answer 2

C₆₀

Question 3

What is the formula for graphite?

Answer 3

C

Question 4

What is the formula for graphene?

Answer 4

C

Question 5

Diamond, buckministerfullerene, graphite and graphene all have high melting and boiling points. True or False

Answer 5

False - buckministerfullerene has a low melting an boiling point

Question 6

Which 2 allotropes are conductors?

Answer 6

Graphite and graphene

Question 7

Which 2 allotropes are insulators?

Answer 7

Buckministerfullerene and diamond

Question 8

How many covalent bonds does diamond have?

Answer 8

4

Question 9

How many covalent bonds does buckministerfullerene have?

Answer 9

90

Question 10

How many covalent bonds does graphite have?

Answer 10

3

Question 11

How many covalent bonds does graphene have?

Answer 11

3

Question 12

Why does diamond have a high melting and boiling point?

Answer 12

It has very strong covalent bonds - needs a lot of energy to break

Question 13

Why does graphite have a high melting and boiling point?

Answer 13

The strong covalent bonds that hold the carbon atoms together in the layers require a lot of energy to break.

Question 14

Why does graphene have a high melting and boiling point?

Answer 14

Strong covalent bonds require lots of energy to break

Question 15

Why does buckministerfullerene have a low melting and boiling point?

Answer 15

There are weak intermolecular forces between molecules that require little energy to break

Question 16

Describe the strength of diamond

Answer 16

Very hard - 4 bonds form a rigid structure

Question 17

Describe the strength of graphite

Answer 17

Soft and slippery - layers can slip off easily which is why it’s used in pencils

Question 18

Describe the strength of buckministerfullerene

Answer 18

Soft and brittle

Question 19

Describe the strength of graphene

Answer 19

Very strong

Question 20

Which 4 of the allotropes of carbon has a low melting and boiling point?

Answer 20

Buckministerfullerene

Question 21

Why is graphite soft and slippery?

Answer 21

It has a layered structure and the bond is broken easily because there are no covalent bonds and weak intermolecular forces between the layers.

Question 22

Why is graphene very strong?

Answer 22

It has very strong covalent bonds which require lots of energy to break - it is also arranged in a giant lattice.

Question 23

Why can graphite be used as a lubricant?

Answer 23

It has weak forces between molecules which means layers can slip easily

Question 24

What are fullerenes

Answer 24

Allotropes of carbon, made by bending sheets of graphene into hollow structures.

Question 25

Why is it easy for group 1 atoms to lose one electron?

Answer 25

It requires very little enegry

Question 26

If an atom is losing an electron, which side of the equation would it be? Left or right

Answer 26

Right

Question 27

Uses of graphene

Answer 27

In electronics

Question 28

Uses of fullerenes

Answer 28

• Deliver drugs into certain parts of body - has a cage like structure
• Huge SA - gret industrial catalysts - individal catalyst molecules could be attached to the fullerenes
• Lubricants

Question 29

What can fullerenes form and what do they do?

Answer 29

• Nanotubes - tiny carbon cylinders
• ratio between length and diamter is v high
• can conduct electricity and thermal energy
• high tensile strength (dont break when stretched)
• Used in electronics or to strengthen matierals w/o adding much weight eg tennis racket frames

Question 30

What is the tech called that uses small particles like nanotubes

Answer 30

nanotechnology

Question 31

What can the sheets from graphene form?

Answer 31

Can be folded into tubes and spheres aka fullerenes

Question 32

first circular fullerene?

Answer 32

buckministerfullerene c60