quiz 5 (new book chp.6) Flashcards
proprioception
The sensory system’s detection
and reception of movement and spatial position of limbs, trunk, and head
-sensory info is transmitted to the CNS (direction, velocity, location in space…)
-important source of feedback in closed loop control
-often used with the word “kinesthesis”
deafferentation
the proprioceptive afferent pathways to the CNS that are no longer available
a procedure used to make proprioceptive feedback unavailable
central vision
the middle 2 to 5 degrees of the visual field
-foveal vision
-Provides specific information to allow us to achieve action goals, e.g.
–For reaching and grasping an object
–For walking on a pathway
peripheral vision
visual field outside the 2 to 5 degrees of central vision
-Provides info about the environmental context
and the moving limb(s)
-assesses optical flow patterns
(rays of light that strike the reitina)
what does sensory info provide?
-pre-movement information
-feedback about the movement in progress
-post-movement information about action goal acheivement
what is the focus of this chapter
-touch, vision, and proprioception
what are skin receptors?
-mechanoreceptors located in the dermis layers of the skin
where is the greatest concentration of skin receptors?
the finger tips
what do skin receptors provide the CNS with?
-temperature, pain, & movement information
what is the typical research technique for touch & motor control?
compare performance of task that involves fingers before & after anesthetizing the fingers
what does tactile sensory information influence?
-movement accuracy
-movement consistency
-movement force adjustments
what does CNS receive sensory info from?
sensory neurons known as proprioceptors
what are the types of proprioreceptors?
-muscle spindles
-golgi tendon organs
-joint receptors
what are the types of deafferentation?
-surgical
-sensory neuropathy
-temporary
-tendon vibration technique
surgical deafferentation
afferent neural pathways associated with movements of interest have been surgically removed or altered
-lady face example
sensory neuropathy deafferentation
-large myelinated fibers of the limb are lost, leading to a loss of all sensory info of all sensory information except pain & temperature
temporary deafferentation
nerve block technique used on humans (i.e. sleeping arm)
tendon vibration technique
proprioceptive feedback is distorted instead of removed- involves high speed vibration of a tendon connected to a muscle that is an agonist
what is the role of proprioceptive feedback?
-influences movement accuracy
-influences the timing of the onset of motor commands
-plays a role in coordination of body & limb segments
what are three coordination characteristics
- postural control
- spatial-temporal coupling between limbs & limb segments
- adapting to movement situations that require the use of non-preffered coordination patterns
what is our preferred source of sensory info?
vision
what are the techniques for investigating the role of vision in motor control
-eye movement recording
-temporal occlusion techniques
-event occlusion technique
role of vision in motor contro
- monocular & binocular vision
- central & peripheral vision
- perception- action coupling
- amount of time needed for corrections
- time to contact
vision for perception is….
peripheral vision
vision for action is….
central vision
