quiz 2 (new book)

Question 1

performance outcome measures

Answer 1

a category of motor skill performance that indicates the OUTCOME or result of performing a motor skill

-outcome of a motor skill !!

-how far a person walked, how fast a person ran a certain distance, or how many degrees a person flexed a knee)

Question 2

performance production measures

Answer 2

a category of motor skill performance that indicates the
performance of specific aspects of the motor control system during the performance of an action

-limb kinematics, force, EEG readings, EMG

-process of performing a motor skill !!!

Question 3

reaction time

Answer 3

common measure indicating how long it takes a person to prepare & initiate a movement

-the stimulus or go signal is the indication to act

Question 4

movement time

Answer 4

time between the initiation of response to the termination of a response

Question 5

response time

Answer 5

movement & reaction time combined

Question 6

constant error

Answer 6

the signed ( +/- ) deviation from the target or criterion
- it represents amount and direction of error and serves as a measure of performance bias.

Question 7

variable error

Answer 7

an error score representing the variability (or conversely, the consistency) of performance.

Question 8

kinematic

Answer 8

the description of motion without regard to force or mass

-it includes displacement, vws2elocity, and acceleration.

Question 9

displacement

Answer 9

changes in the spatial positions of a limb or joint over a period of time

-change in position over time

Question 10

velocity

Answer 10

rate of change of an object’s position with respect to time.

-It is derived by dividing displacement by time (e.g., m/sec, km/hr)

-rate of change of position over time

Question 11

acceleration

Answer 11

change in the velocity during movement

Question 12

kinetics

Answer 12

the study of the role of force as a cause of motion

Question 13

why study the measure of motor performance?

Answer 13

-performance assessment/evaluation
-motor learning & control research

Question 14

what are the types of RT?

Answer 14

1. simple
2. choice
3. discrimination

Question 15

simple RT

Answer 15

one signal, one response

Question 16

choice RT

Answer 16

more than one signal, each signal has a specific response

-stop light turns green, we go. if stop light turns read, we stop

Question 17

discrimination RT

Answer 17

more than one signal, only one response

Question 18

what are the two components of fractionate RT?

Answer 18

-pre-motor: quiet interval of time between the onset of a stimulus & beginning of activity
-motor time: period from the increase in muscle activity until the actual limb movement

Question 19

pre-motor & motor RT

Answer 19

signal - pre-motor rt - EMG - motor RT - movement

Question 20

what enables one to fractionate RT?

Answer 20

EMG

Question 21

what is the use of RT in research?

Answer 21

RT is a measuring tool
-inferring what a performer does
-identifies the environmental context information a person may use while preparing for action
-asses if a person can anticipate a required action & determines whether to initiate it

Question 22

Relationship of RT to Movement
Time and Response Time

Answer 22

warning signal- foreperiod - go signal

Question 23

what does response time consist of?

Answer 23

reaction time & movement time

Question 24

what do error measures allow for?

Answer 24

evaluating performance in action-based skills

Question 25

what are the three error measures to assess the general accuracy characteristics of performance over repeated performances? (assessing error for dimension action goals)

Answer 25

-absolute error -constant error -variable error

Question 26

absolute error

Answer 26

absolute difference between the actual performance on each trial & the goal. -provides a general index of accuracy

Question 27

constant error

Answer 27

index of the person's tendency to be directionally biased when performing the skill -hitting golf ball to left of hole multiple times = left bias

Question 28

variable error

Answer 28

measures performance consistency by calculating the standard deviation of the CE scores

Question 29

what measures general accuracy for the two-dimension situation?

Answer 29

radial error

Question 30

what are more difficult to assess in the two-dimension than in the one-dimension?

Answer 30

performance bias & consistency

Question 31

continuous skills require ______

Answer 31

accuracy

Question 32

what is the common error score for continuous skills?

Answer 32

root-mean-squared error (RMSE)

Question 33

what does kinematics include?

Answer 33

-displacement -velocity -acceleration -linear & angular motion

Question 34

linear & angular motion

Answer 34

motion in a straight line or motion along the axis of rotation

Question 35

what is the effect of a force on rotation known as?

Answer 35

joint torque (rotary force)

Question 36

what does EMG measure?

Answer 36

movement involving electrical activity in the muscles -electrodes detect muscle activity -recordings can indicate when a muscle begins & ends activation

Question 37

what does measuring coordination measure?

Answer 37

-complex skills

Question 38

what are the two steps of the two-step measurement process

Answer 38

-you must determine which aspects of performance you should measure to make a valid performance assessment -determine how to measure those aspects of performance

Question 39

EEG

Answer 39

measures electrical activity in the brain

Question 40

PET

Answer 40

-looks at active blood flow in brain

Question 41

fMRI

Answer 41

looks at blood flow changes in the brain by detecting blood oxygen characteristics

Question 42

what are the three error measures

Answer 42

-accuracy -consistency -bias problems