Principles Of Infectious Disease L11/L12 Flashcards
What’s are communicable diseases?
Diseases caused by microorganisms that spread from person to person
Name three major risk factors for infectious diseases
Age
Unsafe sex
Poor hygiene
What are the main transmission routes for infectious diseases?
Respiratory aerosols, contaminated food/water,fomites, direct contact, and zoonotic transmission
Give an example of an infectious diseases transmitted via respiratory aerosols
Influenza A
What’s an epidemic
A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community during a specific time
What is a zoonotic disease?
A disease transmitted between animals and humans like malaria or rabies
Name a common bloodborne infectious disease
Hep B or C
What was the main source behind of thr 1996 E. coli outbreak in Scotland?
Contaminated ready to eat food from a butchers shop
How does clostridium difficile cause hospital acquired diarrhoea
It produces toxins that disrupt the colons epithelial barrier
What are the two main stages of the malaria parasite life cycle?
Exo erythrocytic (liver stage) and erythocytic (red blood cell stage)
How is malaria transmitted?
Through bites of infected anopheles mosquitos
What is a notifiable disease in the UK?
A disease that must be reported to public health authorities
How can influenza be prevented
Vaccination hand hygiene and respiratory hygiene
Why are pregnant women highly vulnerable to malaria
It can cause anemia, still birth, and neonatal mortality
What caused the MMR anti vaccine scandal?
A fraudulent study linking vaccine to autism
Name two bacterial sexually transmitted infections
Chlamydia and gonorrhoea
How do public health authorities control infectious disease outbreaks?
Surveillance vaccination hygiene measures and quarantine
Name a virus transmitted via direct skin contact
Varicella zoster virus
