Microbiology L1 And L2 Flashcards
What bacteria was isolated from hot springs in Yellowstone?
Thermus aquaticus as it has the heat resistant Taq dna polymerase
Most bacteria are good some are bad and some can turn bad
Good examples: lactobacillus sp
Bad examples:mycobacterium tuberculosis, pseudomonas aeruginosa
Can turn pathogenic: E. coli, s epidermidis
What can give gastrointestinal infections
Salmonella typhi, proteus, and Klebsiella
Staphylococcus aureus risk group 2
Who is at risk for S. Aureus
Elderly newborn, breastfeeding, diabetics, vascular or lung disease and cancer patients
And if it gets in blood (sepsis) can infect the heart and its valves which can lead to fever chills low blood pressure
Risk group of s epidermidis and E. coli
Risk group 1
What baxterial organelles are important in cell adhesion
Fimbriae and flagella for colonising surfaces
Fimbriae and curli are best at adhering to
Flagella for motility and a bit of adhering
Bacteria can adhere to cells tissues and solid surfaces how
Many different bacteria form biofilms
What is biofilms
They allow bacteria to act as a multicellular organism and it consists of polysaccharides proteins lipids and nucleus acid
Can contain many types
Of microorganisms
Origins of antimicrobiso drugs
What fungus produces penicillin
Most antibiotics are produced by streptomycetes but bacilli pseudomondads and fungi all produce active chemicals too
Penecillium chrysogenum
Antibiotics classified in many ways as some can kill bored spectrum of bacteria and some more specific to certain species
As certain antibiotics affect certain parts of a bacteria cell like penicillin goes for the wall
Some affect nucleic acid synthesis
Protein synthesis
How many lives does antibacterial resistance take a year
Usually 50k and it’s getting worse
Happens when antibacterial resistant bacteria survive and multiply also can transfer their drug resistance to other bacteria and shit
What mechanisms by bacteria can be used to develop resistance to antibiotics?
Changing bacterial wall or drug efflux pumps or enzymes that deactivate drugs or modified targets so drug won’t fit
Examples of resistant bacteria
MRSA
MDRTB
