Intracellular Signalling I Flashcards
Various membrane proteins carry out most functions, how much of the csm do they make up?
50ish % is made up of membrane proteins such as transporters receptors enzymes and anchors (like integrin)
What does Kp stand for in the cell surface membrane?
Permeability constant
Smaller molecules like gases would have higher Kp
What does the electrochemical gradient work like?
Works like the concentration gradient
Active transport of solutes against an electrochemical gradient is essential, what three types of active transport pumps are there?
Coupled pump - like an antiporter
ATP-driven pump - hydrolyses ATP to drive uphill transport
Light driven pump - energy from sunlight to drive uphill transport
What is primary active transport?
Energy derived from ATP changes shape of transporter proteins which pumps substance against a gradient
What is secondary transport?
For example glucose sodium transport where sodium is used to transport glucose at the same time against its gradient where sodium follows its gradient.
Why commerce and muscle cells use selective permeability and concentration gradients?
These cells communicate with each other changing the resting membrane potential produced
Produce action and graded potentials
Importance of ions and ion channels in resting state of animal cell
Allows resting state by balancing the organic molecules already within the cells (long being like K+)
Explain the opening and closing of voltage gates ion channels
When membrane is at rest it’s closed
When membrane is depolarised it’s open
During refractory period it’s inactivated and recovers so repolarisation can take place
Value and balance of resting membrane potential
-70mV usually and both sides of membrane are balanced
If the membrane is permeable to only a single ion, we can predict membrane voltage (potential), what is the voltage also known as?
Equilibrium potential which is the voltage necessary to balance the ionic gradient
CALCULATED USING THE NERST EQUATION
