Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

Unlike somaticnneurones they go straight to voluntary muscles where do autonomic neurones travel from the spine

Answer 1

They are preganglionic neurones to ganglion then through post ganglionic neurones to effector cells

Question 2

The three ways the ANS is split

Answer 2

Enteric nervous system CNS INdependant

And CNS dependant sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system (maintain homeostasis vision reproduction)

SNS alert and active emergency is flight or flight

PNS is rest and digest energy conservation etc

Question 3

SNS PNS sometimes antagonistic

Answer 3

SNS increases activity in heart but lowers it in the GIT

in ocular vision as SNS dilates and PNS constricts

Bot antagonistic in exocrine glands

Some glands use just one system like sweat glands

Question 4

SNS dilates blood vessels if skeletal muscle and heart but opposite for

Answer 4

Head and reproductive organs
And PNS dilates them

Question 5

Parasympathetic nervous system has

Answer 5

Long preganglionic neurone
Short post ganglionic neurone

Eg acetylcholine to nicotinic receptors

Then postganglionic neurotransmitter acts upon muscarinic receptors M1-m5

Question 6

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 6

Short preganglionic neurone
Long postganglionic neurone

Question 7

Difference between alpha beta1 and beta 2 receptors

Answer 7

Alpha receptor causes contraction and secretion
Beta 1 stimulates the heart
Beta 2 causes relaxation and dilation

Question 8

Hexamethonium

Answer 8

Blocks all autonomic ganglia