Microbiology L3 And L4

Question 1

Innate and adaptive immune systems work together

Answer 1

Interferon proteins released to interfere with the viral mRNA and inhibit protein translation in infected and surrounding cells

Question 2

Cytotoxic cells release granzymes and perforin to trigger apoptosis in cancerous cells or those infected with bacteria or virus

Answer 2

So they bind release kill cell kinda like pirate ship wars

Mediated by CD8 and T cells

Question 3

Two types of T cells

Answer 3

Cytotoxic cd8 T cell kill using chemicals

Helper cd4 T cell synthesise and secrete signalling molecules for inflammation and activate B cells and T cytotoxic cells

Question 4

HIV two identical strands of rna enclosed in core

Answer 4

HIV is known as a retrovirus and fuses with host cell

Contains reverse transcriptase

Question 5

Three stages of hiv infection

Answer 5

First stage is acute retroviral syndrome
A week or two of feeling ill then it goes away

Second stage is chronic HIV infection asymptomatic this stage can last 10 years or more
During this time hiv kills t helper cells

Third stage AIDS when helper cells under 200
Can also have aids if you have kaposi sarcoma or pneumonia