Powers and Borders - Global Governance - Flows Flashcards
What are the flows of people?
- Diplomat, ambassadors, head of state
- Observers Monitors, envoys and negotiators
- UN peacekeepers
- UN police
- NGOs
- Refugees
What do diplomat, ambassadors, head of state do?
Meet, negotiate and de-escalate violence
What do observers Monitors, envoys and negotiators do?
Watch for corruption/ oppression, report back and pre-empt violence
What do UN peacekeepers do?
Protect civilians - allow the distribution of aid
What do UN police do?
Strengthen rule of law
What do NGOs do?
Provide assistance on the ground
What role do refugees play?
Ethically alert us to our responsibility to humanity
How many peacekeepers in the world?
96,000
What are the positive effects of peacekeeping?
- Cost effective -> 0.5% of global annual military budget
- Sustain excellent local logistics to ensure food, medicine, refugees are delivered + political strategic solutions
- 22% of civilian peacekeepers are female helping to promote equality
What are the positive effects of special envoys?
- Can raise awareness
What are the positive effects of missions?
- Specific and mandated
- Long term and flexible
What are some of the negative effects of roles in global governance?
- 4000 deaths of Un peacekeepers
- After 70 years still a peacekeeping mission in Indian Pakistan border -> 70,000 deaths
- Envoys and observers and peacekeepers are not always listened to
- Missions can fail when there’s complexity -> underfunding
How many elections were monitored by 2000?
80%
Why are elections monitored?
To ensure registration and voting are fair -> public trust is built
What is the allocation of peacekeepers like?
- Allocated since 1949
- Can be police, civilians (ICT specialists), negotiators, medical professionals
- Patchy track record if no peace to keep
What is the role of money in geopolitical intervention?
- UN require member Staes to pay into general pot -> or lose your vote
- SDGs require funding
UNHCR + UNICEF need additional funding - Bretton Woods Institutions, the IMF + the World Bank designed to alleviate poverty and share prosperity
- NATO requires each country to spend 2% of GDP on military budget
- Money can be used to ease the passage to peace
- Trade embargoes and sanctions
What’s AIIB in the role of geopolitical intervention?
- Ensures trade networks and infrastructure -> its future geopolitical power
What role does incentives or payments play in maintaining peace?
Can smooth negotiations and peace settlements
What are positive examples of roles of technology in geopolitical intervention?
- Track refugee movement - HR - surveillance, satellite imagery
- Crop failure -> protect supply incase of war
- Electronic transfer of information to send for aid -> peacekeepers
What are negative examples of roles of technology in geopolitical intervention?
- Buying and selling of fire arms -> used for evil
- Hacking -> breaking a states valuable information data
- Cyber attacks - influencing political issues (elections)
Give evidence where technology has played a role in geopolitical intervention?
China Great Firewall protects its populace from receiving news and media from the rest of the world opening them up to ideas of western liberal democracy - sovereignty maintained
How are ideas spread?
Through there media and institutions, soft power and intervention by troops on the ground
How is the positive image of American wealth opportunity and glamour spread?
Social and cooperative media like film and TV
What idea do WB, IMF, UN WTO and NATO spread?
Promote idea of democracy, prosperity, equality and peace
How is the idea of equality shared?
Due to female presence within peacekeepers and UN police
Why is the idea of liberal democracy important?
Its important with the young people tired of corruption and has led to revolutions
