Oceans - Great Barrier Reef CS

Question 1

How much of marine life lives in the corals?

Answer 1

25%

Question 2

How many species is the Great Barrier Reef home to?

Answer 2

1500 fish species

Question 3

How many algae species are there?

Answer 3

500

Question 4

How many coral species are there?

Answer 4

350

Question 5

How many sea bird species are there?

Answer 5

24

Question 6

How many sea bird species are there?

Answer 6

24

Question 7

What is the recycling of energy and matter like?

Answer 7

Efficient

Question 8

Name a food chain?

Answer 8

Algae -> (molluscs, fish) -> shark

Question 9

What are the food chains and webs like?

Answer 9

Complex

Question 10

What creatures help filter sea water?

Answer 10

• Sea squirts
• Marine worms

Question 11

What are decomposers in coral reef ecosystems?

Answer 11

• Bacteria
• Fungi

Question 12

What do increased temperatures lead to?

Answer 12

Coral bleaching

Question 13

What effect does sea level rise have?

Answer 13

Reduce light levels

Question 14

How does ocean acidification have an affect on corals?

Answer 14

Reduce corals ability to build carbonate structures

Question 15

How does increased wave energy have an impact on corals?

Answer 15

Destroy reefs

Question 16

In 2017 how much of coral reefs had been bleached during 3 events in 20 years?

Answer 16

91%

Question 17

When did the most serious bleaching event occur?

Answer 17

2016

Question 18

What is the most widespread and damaging coral bleaching event on record?

Answer 18

2014 - 2017
GBR, Caribbean + Hawaii

Question 19

What kind of services do coral reefs provide?

Answer 19

• Provisioning
• Regulatory
• Cultural
• Supporting

Question 20

How do coral reefs provide regulating services?

Answer 20

• Buffer for coastlines against high energy storms
• Calcium CO3 reef long term carbon store

Question 21

How does the coral reef provide supporting services?

Answer 21

• Highly efficient recycling
• Reef provides shelter for marine life

Question 22

What is the global economic value of shoreline protection from reefs?

Answer 22

$ 10 billion/ yr

Question 23

How do coral reefs provide provisioning services?

Answer 23

• “Nursery locations” for fish -> harvested for supply of protein
• Tourism and recreational activities

Question 24

Why would LIDCs + EDCs suffer from this loss of supply?

Answer 24

• Already suffering from undernourishment
• Limited resilience
• Lack of resources

Question 25

How do coral reefs provide cultural services?

Answer 25

• Tourism - agriculture -> snorkelling
• Play role in songs poetry, art, folklore

Question 26

Economic effects of coral reefs?

Answer 26

• Recreational fishing also generates significant employment + income -> multiplier effect

Question 27

How could climate change effect local economy?

Answer 27

• Loss of tourism (bleaching) -> shrink economy in Queensland province of Australia