Oceans - South China Sea Conflict CS Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is naval supremacy important to the political and economic ambitions of countries?

A
  • wish to expand sphere of influence
  • control over trading routes
  • exert power into oceans
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2
Q

how many US military bases are there throughout the world

A

700

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3
Q

what is the sphere of influence

A
  • an area of territory beyond a countries national boarders over which it feels it should have power but without having any formal authority there
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4
Q

who does China see as economic competitors

A
  • South Korea
  • Japan
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5
Q

what’s the conflict in the South China Sea

A
  • numerous dispute islands between China, Philippines, Taiwan, Brunei, Malaysia, Vietnam and Indonesia
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6
Q

what did Ukraine and Georgia do to anger Russia

A

Ukraine and Georgia wanted to join the EU, which lead to Russian invasions

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7
Q

why is India concerned about chinas projection of power

A
  • potential Chinese bases are in countries such as Pakistan, with which India doesn’t have good relations with
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8
Q

why is it vital for china to have a presence from a blue water navy in the indian ocean

A

The trade routes, Persian gulf and, Suez Canal so they can retain strategic interest

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9
Q

to what extent is chinas blue water navy a current threat

A
  • not substantial enough to support Chinese military power
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10
Q

how much natural gas is in the south Chinese sea

A

190 trillion feet

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11
Q

how much oil in the south Chinese sea

A

11 billion barrels

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12
Q

what proportion of fisheries are in the South China Sea

A

10%

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13
Q

what proportion of trade routes in the South china sea

A

30%

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14
Q

what has china established to cement claims

A
  • 9 dashed line > based on historical factors
    -Sansha City -> artificially man-made island -> claim territory
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15
Q

how much is the area worth to the US economy

A

$1.2 trillion

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16
Q

why is US strategically involved in this area

A
  • important trading location
  • allies like South Korea and Taiwan > safeguard
17
Q

what military base is the strongest in then region

A

the seventh fleet based in Japan

18
Q

what does FONOP stand for

A

Freedom of Navigation Operations

19
Q

what are the purposes of FONOPs

A

one of the principle tools by which the US challenges maritime claims deemed excessive under international law

20
Q

who clashed over the Paracels and Spratlys

A
  • china and vietnam
  • from 1974 - 1988
21
Q

how many Vietnamese personnel were killed because the china and vietnam feud?

A

130

22
Q

why is threat of “hot war” between China and the USA unlikely

A

USA have overpowering military and more naval bases

23
Q

what do the US do to monitor action over the South China Sea

A

sail military aircraft carriers through it

24
Q

what are the purposes of foreign military bases

A

used to drive interactions with other countries

25
Q

where do china have natural ports

A
  • Gulf of Aden
  • Djibouti
26
Q

how much does it cost to lease the natural base in Djibouti

A

$20 million a year

27
Q

how many commercial ports are there out of china

A

90

28
Q

what is chinas new initiative

A
  • Silk Road > global network of ports, roads and railways, and other infrastructures
29
Q

who does china connect their Belt and Road system to

A

Duisburg, Germany

30
Q

how much trade is offloaded in Duisburg

A

1/3

31
Q

what does chinas initiative do for the host country?

A

brings in enormous investment

32
Q

what is the oldest port in need of new infrastructure?

A

Genoa

33
Q

what military base island did china build?

A

Fiery Cross Island

34
Q

how many troops on the island?

A

200,000