PETROLEUM CHEMISTRY Flashcards
Ions that makes up a petroleum
H and C
carbon content of Crude Oil and Natural Gas
O - 47-84%
hydrogen content of Crude Oil and Gas?
O - 11-14%
General term for all naturally occuring hydrocarbons whether gaseous, liquid or solid
Petroleum
A chain of one or more carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms
Hydrocarbon
At room temp, max carbon atoms that occur as gas
4
molecules of carbon that occur as liquids
5 to 15
Molecules of solid hydrocarbon has how many carbon atoms?
> 15
Chemically inactive straight chains of Hydrocarbon
Alkanes
Chemically inactive Branching chains of Hydrocarbon
Isoalkanes or Isoparaffins
The simplest of all hydrocarbons an is the most stable
Methane (Marsh Gas)
Hydrocarbons with saturated cyclic arrangement or closed rings
Naphthene
Hydrocarbons with strong aromatic odor and are unsatuated-cyclic
Aromatic or Benzene
Dark colored solid to semi solid form of petroleum that consist of heavy hydrocarbons and bitumen which usually occur as residue in refinig some of the petroleum
Asphalt
Organic Matter in a rock that is INSOLUBLE in common organic solvents
Kerogen
Collor of immature kerogen
Light Gree to Yellow
Minumum amount of kerogen for commercial purpose
10%
Organic content solluble in Organic Solvents
Bitumen
Hydrocarbon that is liquid at surface temperatures and pressures
Crude Oil
Classification of crude oil based on specific Gravity
Americal Petroleum institute (API)
Relationship of Specific Gravity and API (83, 93) (20-40API)
Indirect (Lower Gravity, Higher API)
Heavy Oil
<20 API
Normal Oil
20-40 API
Light Oil
> 40 API
Petroleum that occurs in gaseous phase
Natural Gas
Gas in solution with liquid crude oil
Dissolved Gas
Commonly known as Gas Cap, overlies Oil and is contact only with the oil in the reservoir
Associated Gas
Occurs in Reservoirs that do not contain significant Crude Oil
non-Associated Gas
How much of the world’s gas is biogenic?
20%
gas with high hydroge sulfide
Sour Gas
gas with low hydrogen sulfide
Sweet Gas
Liquid content of dry gas
<0.1 gallon per 1000 cu.ft
Liquid content of wet gas
0.3 gallon per 1000 cu.ft.
Gas that has Methane, Condendates and Liquid content of <0.1gallons/1000 cu ft.
Dry Gas
Gas that has ethane propane butane and has no condensates with liquid content of >3.0 galloons/ 1000 cu ft gas
Wet Gas
Hydrocarbons that are transitional between gas and liquid. Gas in the subsurface and turn to liquid at the surface
Condensates
Ice crystals with peculiarly structured atomic lattices which contain molecules of methane and other gases and are stable only at high pressure and low temp (HP - Gas LW- Ice)
Clathrates or Gas Hydrates
The oils of Matinloc and Cadlao are
Sweet Oil (Low Sulfur)
Oil Window
75-150 deg cel
Gas Window
100-220 deg cel
Philippines consumes this much of oil every day
429000 Barrel/day
