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GLE 2024 (Day 3) > ORE DEP (FUNDAMENTALS) > Flashcards

ORE DEP (FUNDAMENTALS) Flashcards

1
Q

Questions

A

Answers

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2
Q
  1. A rock body in which there is a naturally enriched concentration of one or more metals and from whic it is economic to extract these metals?
A

Ore deposit

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3
Q

2, Ore that is economically feasible to mine for which there are no legal or engg imediments to mining?

A

Reserves

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4
Q
  1. Ores that may potentially be extracted at some time in the future
A

Resource

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5
Q
  1. General term for refining and pocessing minerals
A

Beneficiation

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6
Q
  1. studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their inter-metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys
A

Metallurgy

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7
Q
  1. Minerals groups which are considered important ore minerals? (7)
A

Native Metals, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides, Hydroxides, Silicates and Carbonates

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8
Q
  1. Elements that combine with oxygen and are dominantly oxides and silicates
A

Lithopiles

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9
Q
  1. Element that combine with sulfur and dominanly in sulfide minerals
A

Chalcophile

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10
Q
  1. Element that occur as native metals or alloys
A

Siderophiles

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11
Q
  1. Elements forming elemental gases
A

Atmophile

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12
Q
  1. What are the goldschmidt classes eof economically important metals?
A

Chalcophile and Siderophile

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13
Q
  1. Chemical Bonding in Sulfides which led to a relatively small extraction energy?
A

Covalent

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14
Q
  1. Chemical Bonding of Oxides and Silicates?
A

Ionic

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15
Q
  1. Elements which partitioned into the core during differentiation and is strongly depleted in crust?
A

Siderophiles

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16
Q
  1. Elements which partitioned into the Mantle over the crust?
A

Compatible Lithophile Elements like Cr

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17
Q
  1. Elements which partitioned into the crust?
A

Incompatible Lithopile Elements like REEs

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18
Q
  1. Concentration of the element in the rock
A

Grade

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19
Q
  1. Relationship between cost of extraction of a commodity per mass and concentrtaion of the element in a rock?
A

Inversely Proportional

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20
Q
  1. Trend of Enrichment factor as the clark of concentrtaion of elements decreases in the crust?
A

Increases

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21
Q
  1. Accumulations of ore minerals that are too small to be extracted
A

Occurences

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22
Q
  1. Accumulations of ore minerals which have potential to be identified as ore deposits thuogh exploration
A

Prospects

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23
Q
  1. Deposits which belong in the top 10% of any category with respect to the metal contained
A

World-Class

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24
Q
  1. The cheapest ore body to mine?
A

Flat lying body

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25
Q
  1. Whc is more cheaper to mine, a sub-sperical shape ore or a thin vein?
A

Sub-spherical

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26
Q
  1. Ratio of waste rock to ore
A

Stripping ratio

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27
Q

26.Additional products which control the economic feasibility of a mine?

A

Co-products

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28
Q
  1. Extracted from mined and milled ore or waste which do not significantly affects the economics of mining
A

By-products

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29
Q
  1. Geologic factors whic affects economics of ore extraction?
A

1) Shape and Depth of Deposit 2)Mineralogy and texture of Ore 3)Presence of multiple Extractable products

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30
Q
  1. Commonly used attribute to classify ore deposits?
A

1) Element or mineral extracted 2)Host-rock type 3)Tectonic Settings and/or geological age 4)Major genetic process of enrichment

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31
Q
  1. Types of deposits which resulted from the concentration through chemical and mineralogical processes in magma
A

Magamatic

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32
Q
  1. Concentration as a result of mehcanical or chemical process at the time of sedimentation?
A

Sedimentary deposits

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33
Q
  1. Enrichement as a result of weathering procceses?
A

Regolith

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34
Q
  1. What is the maximum achievable recycling rate for metals?
A

70% due to losses from abrasion

35
Q
  1. A conceptual or emipiral standard , ideally fo a population of natural phenomena, embodyin both descriptive features of the depsit type, larger ore-bearing envi, and an explanation of these features in terms of geological, and hence of chemical an phsyical processes
A

Ore Deposit model

36
Q
  1. Rocks or minerals which are mined, processed and delivered ar a profit
37
Q
  1. Categories of Ore deposit
A

Metallic, non Mettalic, Energy, Water

38
Q
  1. Non-valuable minerals in the Ore
39
Q
  1. Minerals from which metal is derived
A

Ore Mineral

40
Q
  1. Minerlized rock that is too lean in ore minerals to yield a profit
41
Q
  1. Non valuable portion of ore
42
Q
  1. Concentration of minerals which can possibly be recovered econmically?
A

Mineral Deposit

43
Q
  1. Concentration of minerals which certain elements that can be recovered economically
A

Ore deposit or orebody

44
Q
  1. Lowest grade, or quality of mineralized materials to qualify as economically mineable
A

Cut-off Grade

45
Q
  1. Average content of an elemet in the Crust
A

Clarke of Concentration

46
Q
  1. Ore formed same time as host rock like VMS
A

Syngenetic

47
Q
  1. Ore formed after the formation host rock like epithermal
A

Epigenetic

48
Q
  1. Ore fomed within the earth like VMS and Epitermal and mesothermal
49
Q
  1. Ore formed on the surface like Ni Laterite
50
Q
  1. Ore which yield only a single metal like Galena yielding lead
A

Simple Ore

51
Q
  1. One/two metals dominate an ore, with the minor one called as by-product
A

Complex Ore

52
Q
  1. Ore formed directly from magmas or fluids like chromite
A

Primary ore

53
Q
  1. Ore formed as consequene of alteration of pre-existing minerals like Ni Laterite and Met. VMS
A

Secondary ore

54
Q
  1. Metals recovered from newly mined ores
A

primary metals

55
Q
  1. Metals recovered from recycled or e-processed metals
A

secondary metals

56
Q

Study of genesis of mineral deposits with emphasis on their relationships in space and time to geol features of the crust

A

Metallogeny

57
Q

Any geological, tectonic, lithological, or geochemical feature that has played a role in the concrentration of one or more elements in the crust

A

Metallotect

58
Q

A unit of geologic time favorable for depositon of ores or characterized by a particular assemblage of deposit types

A

Metallogenic Epoch

59
Q

A region characterized by a particular assemblage of mineral deposit types

A

Metallogenic Province

60
Q

At what depths and temperature conditions will epithermal deposits form?

A

<1.5 km @50-200 deg cel

61
Q

At what depths and temperature conditions will mesothermal deposits form?

A

1.5 -4.5 km @200-400 deg cel

62
Q

At what depths and temperature conditions will hypothermal deposits form?

A

> 4.5 km @400-600 deg cel

63
Q

Epizonal

A

<6Km, 150-300 deg cel

64
Q

Mesozonal

A

6-12 km 300-475 deg cel

65
Q

Hypozonal

A

> 12 km <475 deg cel

66
Q

Father of the study of Ore deposits who believed that ores have been deposited from circulating solutions in ore channels and argued against the use of divining rod “forked hazel twig”

A

George Agricola

67
Q

His book about mineral deposits in 1556

A

De Re Metallica

68
Q

Believed that ores are product of condesation from vapors ascending thru fissures

A

Nicolas Steno

69
Q

First to recognize Metasomatc Replacement and improtance of hydrothermal solutions of deepseated origin

A

Henkel & Zimmerman

70
Q

Distinguised conordant beds from disconcordant veins

71
Q

Metals as products of alteration of country rocks

A

Charpentier

72
Q

veins as product of leaching from country rocks

73
Q

Idea that ores are direct magmatic products or are formed as products of differentiation

74
Q

Propoenents of plutonism

A

J. Hutton, Breislak, Brunner

75
Q

Ore deposits, basalts, sandsontes and limestones were formed from primeval ocean

76
Q

Proponents of neptunism

A

Abraham werner
C. Anderson

77
Q

Created society of econ geol 1905

A

Raf Penrose

78
Q

Hi T replacement deposits near igneous intrusive according to lindgren

A

Pyrometasomatic

79
Q

He first provided for classification of hydrotherma deps

A

W. lindgren

80
Q

deposits at shallow depths from nearly spent solutions accdng to graton

A

telethermal

81
Q

high T deposits at very shallow depths accdng to buddington

A

Xenothermal

82
Q

what led to the abandonment of hypothermal and mesothermal classification of lindgren

A

Improved knowledge on Volcainism esp submarine type

83
Q

Salt ions which transports metal in hydrothermal fluids

A

Chlorite and Bisulphide ions

GLE 2024 (Day 3) (48 decks)

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