Personality -9

Question 1

What is the cognitive view of personality

Answer 1

A persons thoughts observations and knowledge influences personality and behaviour

Question 2

Describe George kellys personal construct theory

Answer 2

Behaviour depends on how we process and understand information

The theory is based on how we perceive interpret and understand the world with aim to predict and control people and events

Question 3

What is the cognitive view of interpreting people

Answer 3

Attend to different aspects
Construe own interpretations
use these to predict behaviour

Question 4

What was kellys theory and example of

Answer 4

Constructive alternativism - multiple ways for a person to view the world

How we each perceive interpret and conceptualise influences our behaviour

Question 5

What does Kelly say about the way we view the world

Answer 5

We have a construct then make a prediction out this to the test then find the result

These stages influence the nature of our future behaviour

Question 6

What are constructs

Answer 6

The basis of the theory is the construct

A war of perceiving or interpreting people events and the world

Question 7

How do we make constructs

Answer 7

Some events people and objects are similar or different - we look for these similarities or differences - base our predictions on the similarities or differences of the events we observe

The more similar it is to something we know the better our ability to predict what will happen

Question 8

Why do we need constructs

Answer 8

Order and regularity in our lives, otherwise life would be chaotic

We also use our constructs to predict the future

Question 9

What type of constructs do people use

Answer 9

For personality - the same terms words and characteristics that we use to describe people
We have a construct of what personality is and an apply it to a new person

If it fits our prediction of behaviour may be good
If it does not fit - change construct or don’t learn

Question 10

To form constructs we need …

Answer 10

3 elements
2 elements must be perceived as similar to each other
Third element must be perceived as different from these two

Similarity pole and contrast pole of the construct

Question 11

In the construct of happiness what is there

Answer 11

2 aspects of happiness

1 of cruelty

Question 12

Why are constructs bi polar

Answer 12

They need an opposite emotion to compare this to

Question 13

Developing constructs - what if people can’t’ see anything or anyone as being the opposite

Answer 13

It’s is said to be submerged and it is preverbal

A verbal construct can be expressed in words
A preverbal construct has no words to express it

Question 14

What does a construct system consist of

Answer 14

Consists of all an individuals constructs arranged in a meaningful hierarchical order

Question 15

How is the construct system organised

Answer 15

Organised in a hiercahial way

Broad constructs - superordinate

Narrow constructs - subordinate

Relationship between these constructs predict behaviour and personality

Question 16

How does the construct system explain there are different personalities

Answer 16

Different personalities due to having different constructs or constructs in a different order
It is this relation or order that influences how you make sense of the world
People attempt to predict and co trol their environment by using their individual system of constructs

Question 17

What are the two types of construct

Answer 17

Core constructs - most basic and meaningful to a persons functioning

Peripheral constructs - less basic and can be altered without serious modification of the overall structure

Question 18

In relation to constructs to understand a person you must

Answer 18

Must know something about that the constructs a person uses and how they are organised in relation to one another

Question 19

How do we examine a persons constructs

Answer 19

The role construct repertory technique

Tells you the constructs a person uses to perceive and interpret

It does this by asking people to consider how similar and different things are

Question 20

What 2 steps are need for constructing a rep grid

Answer 20

The developement of a list of persons based on a role title list

The developement of constructs based on the comparisons of triads of persons

Role title list of people 
Triad 
Comparison 2 alike 1 different 
Select another triad and repeat 
Stop when produced all constructs you can

Question 21

How can we measure how cognitively simple or complex a person you are

Answer 21

Complex - many constructs

Simple - few constructs

Question 22

What did biers find in 1966 about complex people

Answer 22

Complex people were more accurate in predicting the behaviour of other than simple people

Question 23

What does being a complex or simple person determine

Answer 23

Determines how you handle inconsistent information about people

Question 24

Why do we modify our constructs

Answer 24

So that they will lead to more accurate predictions

Fine tune and learn so that make better predictions in the future

Question 25

How do these conflicts influence our behaviour

Answer 25

We want to put our constructs to the test , we choose our behaviour to offer the greatest chance to put them to the test, it motivates behaviour .

We predict the future and make a bet by anticipating a future event

Question 26

Explain orientated toward the future

Answer 26

It is the future which tantalises man not the past
Always reach out to the future of through the window of the present

We do things now to have effects in the future