Health - 6

Question 1

What is a physical stressor

Answer 1

Too hot or cold

Question 2

What is a psychological stressor

Answer 2

Financial worries

Relationship problems

Question 3

What a psychological response to stress

Answer 3

Anxiety

Question 4

What is a physiological response to stress

Answer 4

Increase in heart rate , blood pressure

Question 5

What nervous systems triggers the fight or flight response

Answer 5

The sympathetic nervous system

Question 6

What hat is the general adaptation syndrome

Answer 6

Same set of physiological responses irrespective of stressor type

Stress is a non specific response

Question 7

Research shows our response to stress varies as a function of

Answer 7

Aspects of the stressor

Individual differences

Question 8

What is stress reaction determine by

Answer 8

Interaction between how we appraise events in the environment and our ability to cope with them

Question 9

Describe the transactional model

Answer 9

Stressor - primary appraisal - secondary appraisal - stress

Question 10

What did kirschbaum et al investigate in 1995

Answer 10

Cortical response to a public speaking stressor

Decreased cortical response after day 1

Question 11

What did kirschbaum find out about stress from there study

Answer 11

Stress = contingent on coping

Question 12

Which part of the brain is activated within stress

Answer 12

The hypothalamus

Question 13

Describe the SAM axis response to stress

Answer 13

SAM axis

Sympathetic nerves - ardrenal medulla - adrenaline / noradrenaline - energy mobilisation/ ^HR/^BP

Question 14

Describe the HPA axis response to stress

Answer 14

HPA axis

Pituitary gland - adrenal cortex - cortisol - energy mobilisation/^HR/^BP

Takes 20 mins longer than SAM axis

Question 15

What is the difference between a stress response now and in caveman times

Answer 15

Caveman - stress response adaptive

Now- stress response harmful

Question 16

How can we measure the psychological aspect of stress

Answer 16

Subjective reports of negative and positive emotion through questionnaires

Question 17

How can we measure the physiological response to stress

Answer 17

SAM outputs - AD, NorAD

HPA outputs - cortisol

Heart and blood pressure

Question 18

What is CAR

Answer 18

Cortisol Awakening Response - this is when cortisol is at the highest of the day when you first wake up

Question 19

What is the diurnal cortisol shape

Answer 19

Gradual decline in cortisol across the day - lowest point before bed

Question 20

What are 2 ways of measuring the effects of stress

Answer 20

Naturalistic stressors

Controlled Lab stressors

Question 21

Give some examples of naturalistic stressor and evaluate them as a way of being measured

Answer 21

Divorce, exams, bereavement

Good ecological validity

Poor control over these variables

Question 22

What was found in the study involving the September 11 attacks and diurnal cortisol

Answer 22

Greater CAR at 24 months post 9/12 in bereaved compared to non bereaved survivors

Question 23

What patterns of cortisol can have negative health effects

Answer 23

Atypical patterns, characterised by flatter slopes

Large or small CAR

Question 24

Give some examples of a lab based stressor and evaluate how it can be used in a lab based setting

Answer 24

Public speaking, strip task, arithmetic, noise

Good control

Poor ecological validity

Question 25

What are lab based stressors not representative of

Answer 25

Real life stress

Question 26

What have researchers started using to make lab stressors more applicable to real life

Answer 26

Using lab based acute paradigms, that are not socially relevant like public speaking