Pathology I: VII to X Flashcards
Inflammatory arthritis caused by uric acid crystals in and around the joints
Uric acid is a by-product of foods that contain purines (high fat foods)
Not due to wear and tear or autoimmune disorder
Usually affects feet/toes
Gout
Bacterial infection spread through the bite of a tick
Early Localized - rash, fever, fatigue, night sweats, stiff neck, swollen lymph nodes
Early Disseminated - cardiovascular symptoms, neurological symptoms, fatigue
Late Stage - inflammation of one or more large joints
Lyme Disease
AKA - Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD)
Due to wear and tear
Mainly affects weight bearing joints
Most common arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Overuse disorder that can lead to patellar cartilage damage
Caused by tight lateral structures (vastus lateralis, ITB)
Pain under or around the patella
Addressed via tight lateral structures
Patellofemoral Syndrome (PFS)
Synovial membranes attacked by your own immune system (autoimmune disease)
Mainly non weight bearing joint (hands, feet)
Symmetrical
Rigorous (stressful) massage during acute stage is not appropriate
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Joint inflammation caused by abacterial infection in join capsule
Can be very serious in a matter of hours
Septic Arthritis
Degenerative joint disease (DJD) of the spine
Osteoarthritis of the spine (usually cervical and lumbar)
May be referring to spinal stenosis (narrowing of spinal canal)
Spondylosis
Injury/tears to ligaments
More serious and takes longer to heal than strains
Sprains
Multitude of problems in and around the jaw (dysfunctional bite, teeth grinding, loose ligaments, stress, clicking, ear pain)
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMD)
Posterior fluid filled extension of the synovial membrane of knee
Protrude into popliteal fossa
Usually painless
Associated with osteo arthritis, RA, meniscus tears
Dangerous if impinging nerves or vessels
Baker Cysts
Protrusion at the metatarsal-phalangeal joint of great toe
Laterally deviated big toe
Associate w/ shoes, genetics
Pain is due to bursitis
Bunions (hallux valgus)
Inflamed bursa d/t overuse
Bursitis
small, flat fluid filled sacs that act as a protective cushion at areas of recurring pressure
Bursa
Contracture of the palmar fascia
Idiopathic thickening and shrinking of the palmar fascia
Causes decrease in ROM
Dupuytren Contracture
Where osteoarthritis typically begins
Articular Cartilage
Synonym for Osteoarthritis
Degenerative Joint Disease
Syndrome causing difficulty going downstairs, running downhill, squatting as a result femur pushing down on patella)
Patellofemoral Syndrome (PFS)
Small CT pouch filled with fluid that usually forms on joint capsules and tendon sheaths
Usually found on wrist or dorsal surface of food
Ganglion Cysts
Protrusion of an organ/part of organ, through the wall of the cavity that usually contains
Hernia
Condition involving irritation and inflammation at the tibial tuberosity
Caused by vigorously used quads and rapid bone growth in LE (thus, seen in adolescent athletes)
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Lack of medial, lateral, and transverse arch (poor shock absorption)
Pes Planus
High elevation of the longitudinal arch of the foot (heel to toe)
Pes Cavus
Pain at the bottom of the foot
Due to overuse/misalignment
Plantar Fasciitis
Damage to arterioles which stimulates excessive production of collagen in the skin (hard skin)
Autoimmune disorder
Scleroderma
Injury and inflammation in the tendon
Tendonitis
Inflammation of the tendon and/or synovial sheath
Tenosynovitis
Tenosynovitis of the thumb side of the wrist
De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis
Any condition where the head is pulled to one side
Torticollis
Combination of injuries due to head whipping forward and backward
Cervical Acceleration/Deceleration Injury (CAD)
Abnormally shortened muscle or muscle group
Contractures
