CMT II: Headaches Flashcards
A headache with muscular origins that is associated with trigger points/referred pain and other myofascial pain syndromes.
Tension Headache
Tension headaches are usually considered _____, meaning they are the problem rather than the result of another problem.
Primary
Predisposing Factors of Tension Headaches
- Trauma
- Acute Muscle Overload
- Infections
- Fatique
- Emotional Stress
- Chilling of the Muscle
- Lack of REM Sleep
- Faulty Posture
- TMJ Dysfunction
Headache category where the headache is a result of an underlying pathology
Secondary
Stress Related Headache
Psychogenic
Headache in which there’s gnawing pain over nasal area, often increasing in severity throughout the day.
Sinus
A type of headache that is often vascular in nature
Migraine
Headache in which there’s pressure on brain or cranial/cervical. It is persistent with possible loss of sight, hearing, smell, and cognitive abilities.
Tumor
Inflammation of meninges of the brain. Sudden on set of serve headache. Fever, rash, cervical, rigidity, severe pain. Life threatening pathology.
Meningitis
Inflammation of the arachnoid matter of the brain. Severe constant pain. Hypersensitive to stress, barometric pressure and alcohol.
Arachnoiditis
Severe pain along sensory distribution of 5th cranial nerve. Pain often described as an ice pick being repeated stabbed into the side of the face.
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia
- Relaxation Massage
- Diaphragmatic Breathing
- Trigger Point Work of Platysma
Migraine with an Aura
Classic
Migraine without an Aura
Common
Warning Signs 30 to 60 Minutes Prior to a Migraine
- mood changes
- cravings for sweets
- fluid build up
Symptoms of Migraine
- excruciating headache
- nausea
- vomiting
- blurred vision
- hypersensitivity to sound/light
- unilateral or bilateral pain
Vascular Model of a MIgraine
Blood vessels dilate outside the brain; Blood vessels constrict inside the brain
Causes of Migraine
- hereditary
- neurological
- allergies
- viral
- hormonal/chemical
- emotional/physical
- seasonal
- sensory overload
- similar to migraine but w/o throbbing
- piercing pain behind the yes and nostrils
- often occurs 2 to 3 times a day for several weeks
- frequently occur in the middle of the night
- eyes and nose may water
- pupils often remain constricted
- often seasonal
Cluster
Tension Headache Treatment
- Resolve Trigger Points
- Stretch
- Address Referral Zone
Percentage of men and women who suffer from an occasional tension headache
- 63% Men
- 86% Women
Tension Headache Symptoms
- Bilateral, Diffuse, Constant
- Dull to Vice-Like
- Neck and Shoulder Pain
- Often Begin in Early Adulthood
- Episodic to Chronic
- 30 Minutes to Weeks
- Onset later in the day when trigger points become active
Tension headache origin that causes loss of appetite, nausea, vertigo, tinnitus
SCM Origin
Tension head origin with referral pattern above eye, around ear, and down lateral neck - question mark
Upper Trapezius
Tension headache origin with referral pattern around mastoid process, across temple, into ear, over eye, and top of head
SCM
Tension headache origin with referral pattern on top of head
Splenius Capitis
Tension headache origin with referral pattern on side of head
Splenius Cervicis
Tension headache origin with referral pattern on back and side of head but skips the ear
Subocciptals
Tension headache origin with referral pattern on side of head and teeth
Temporalis
Tension headache origin with referral pattern above eye, ear, jaw, and teeth
Masseter
Tension headache origin with referral pattern over eyes
Frontalis
Tension headache origin with referral pattern on back of head
Semispinalis
Tension headache treatment modifications
- dim lights
- lower voice
- avoid smells
- lower pain scale targets to 2 to 4
- avoid vigorous techniques
- stretch any muscle addressed specifically
When not to treat a tension headache
first or worst headache
