Pathology I: LP III, IV, V, & VI Flashcards
Disorder whose diagnostic features include:
- Tender Points
- Poor Quality Sleep
- Body-Wide Muscle Pain (for at least 3 months)
Fibromyalgia
A collection of lower leg injuries including:
- stress factures
- periostitis
- strains (tearing, stretching)
- exertional compartment syndrome (lower leg edema)
Shin Splints
Tiny cracks in bone caused by repetitive stress
Stress Fractures
Bone fracture involving bending and partial breakage
Green Stick
Type of scoliosis caused by abnormally shaped vertebrae
Structural
Suggested Caused of Fibromyaligia
- Emotional State
- Sleep Disorders
- Chemical Imbalances
- Syndrome marked primarily by the development of trigger points
- Caused by overloading of the muscle fibers which leads to muscle hypoxia and ischemia
Myofascial Pain Syndrome
Group of Inherited Disorders that Features Atrophy of Skeletal Muscles
Muscular Dystrophy
Growth of calcium deposits in soft tissues commonly due to trauma
(Trauma - bleeding between fascial tissues - calcium and iron deposits)
Myositis Ossificans
Causes of Shin Splints
- Inadequate Foot Shock Absorption
- Overuse
- Misalignment
When to refer out a client with shin splints
Pain does not improve in 2 to 3 weeks
Involuntarily sustained contraction (muscle guarding)
Prevents movement that may cause further pain or damage to the injured area
Spasm
Short lived spams
Cramps
Chronic neurological disorder characterized by muscle stiffness
Spasticity
What is a pulled muscle?
Muscle Strain
S/S of Muscle Strains
- Adhesions (layers meant to be separate are stuck together)
- Impaired Contractility
- Local Pain
- Stiffness
- Pain with Stretching
Most common muscle that becomes strained
Hamstrings
A mild muscle strain
1st Degree
A moderate muscle strain
2nd Degree
A muscle strain that causes a severe rupture
3rd Degree
MT Treatment of Muscle Strains
- Lymphatic Drainage
- Improve Circulation
- Cross Fiber Friction
- Passive Stretches
Fracture in which bone is complete broken
Complete
Types of Complete Fractures
- Comminuted (bone fragments shattered)
- Impacted (ends wedged into another)
- Spiral (caused by twisting force)
- Oblique (diagonal break)
- Transverse
Fracture in which bone is partially broken
- Green Stick
- Stick
- Compression
Disorder causing loss of bone mass/densitity
Osteoporosis
How to reduce the risk of Osteoporosis
Adequate intake of calcium and Vit D
Type of Scoliosis
- soft tissue pulling spine out of alignment
- spasm to spinal muscles
- weakened spinal muscles
Functional
Type of Scoliosis
- result of misshapen vertebrae
- requires bracing/surgery to correct
Structral
- One of the most common metabolic bone diseases
- Normal bone is reabsorbed at abnormally high rates and gets replaced w/ fibrous CT
- Fibrous CT leads to weakened distorted bones
- Distorted bone can cause bone pain because the periosteum is stretched
- May lead to fractures
Paget Disease
- Increased Thoracic Curve
- Humpback
Hyperkyphosis
- Increased Lumbar Curve
- Swayback
Hyperlordosis
Lateral Deviation of Spine w/ C or S Shape
Scoliosis
- Progressive inflammatory arthritis of the spine caused by an autoimmune reaction
- Inflammation leads to damage leads to new bone growth
- Leads to painful and stiff spinal joints with advanced states leading to fusion
- Typically starts in the SI joints
- May require special position during MT
- MT goals are to decrease pain and stress
Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)
- When two joint surfaces no longer articulate
- Usually the results of trauma or weak ligaments
- Surrounding tissue may be damaged
- Adhesions may develop in involved tissue
- Common found at GH joints, fingers, TMJ
- MT may address involved tissue
- MT goals are to decrease scar tissue, decrease muscle splinting
Dislocations
Partial dislocation where joint surfaces remain in partial contact with each other
Subluxation
The death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply
Avascular Osteonecrosis
