Clinical Integration: Soft Tissue

Question 1

2 Types of Soft Tissue

Answer 1

• Contractile
• Non-Contractile

Question 2

• Soft tissue that creates movement
• Muscles, tendons

Answer 2

Contractile

Question 3

• Soft tissue that lacks the ability to produce movement
• Joint capsule, ligament, bursa, cartilage, fascia, dura mater, nerves

Answer 3

Non-Contractile

Question 4

Muscle Function

Answer 4

maintain posture, create movement, slow or stop movement, proprioception

Question 5

3 Types of Muscle Contractions

Answer 5

• Concentric
• Eccentric
• Isometric

Question 6

During active muscle contraction the two ends move close together

Answer 6

Concentric

Question 7

During active muscle contraction, the two ends are moving farther apart

Answer 7

Eccentric

Question 8

During active muscle contraction, there is no movement produced at the joint

Answer 8

Isometric

Question 9

A hyperirritable spot in muscle that is associated with a hypersensitive palpable nodule in a taut band of tissue w/ a referral pattern

Answer 9

Trigger Point

Question 10

Tendons Function

Answer 10

transmit the contractile force of its associated muscle to the bone

Question 11

When a tendon is forcibly torn away from its attachment site on the bone

Answer 11

Avulsion

Question 12

Ligaments Function

Answer 12

connect bone to bone and establish stability in the skeletal structure

Question 13

An acute overload of the tensile stress on a ligament fiber, causing the ligament to stretch

Answer 13

Sprain

Question 14

When muscle fibers torn with the tissue due to excessive tensile stress

Answer 14

Strain

Question 15

Joint Capsule Function

Answer 15

• acts like a ligament to maintain stability and support
• houses synovial fluid

Question 16

Fascia Function

Answer 16

provide support, shape, and suspension for the soft tissues of the body

Question 17

Nerve Function

Answer 17

carries sensory and motor signals

Question 18

results from mechanical forces or systemic disorder that attack a nerve

Answer 18

Nerve Degeneration

Question 19

damage to a nerve root

Answer 19

Radiculopathy

Question 20

damage along a nerve away from the nerve root

Answer 20

Neuropathy

Question 21

Cartilage Function

Answer 21

protective cushion, provides rigidity and support

Question 22

Bursa Function

Answer 22

provide cushioning and to reduce friction between adjacent structures

Question 23

Compressive damage to bursa resulting in inflammation

Answer 23

Bursitis

Question 24

Type of Tissue AROM Tests

Answer 24

• Contractile
• Non-contractile

Question 25

Type of Tissue PROM Tests

Answer 25

Non-contractile

Question 26

Type of Tissue MRT Tests

Answer 26

Contractile

Question 27

Test during which client moves the involved joint through all planes of motion without assistance from the therapist and indicated when/where any pain/discomfort is felt

Answer 27

Active Range of Motion

Question 28

Test during which therapist moves the involved joint through all planes w/o assistance from client and notes any restrictions or hypermobility.

Answer 28

Passive Range of Motion

Question 29

During PROM, gradual controlled pressure added to end-range of joint’s motion motion within a plane. Since the client is not contraction during this phase, only the joint itself is being tested.

Answer 29

End Feel

Question 30

Bony End-Feel

Answer 30

Sudden stop end-feel, which can indicate bony changes

Question 31

Soft End-Feel

Answer 31

When motion is stopped by the compression of muscle tissue between opposing limb segments

Question 32

Tissue Stretch End-Feel

Answer 32

Leathery end-feel, which can indicate capsular fibrosis when inflammation is not present

Question 33

Muscle Spasm End-Feel

Answer 33

Sudden stop end-feel prior to where the end range should be with sudden rebound and pain

Question 34

Springy Block End-Feel

Answer 34

Caused by a loose body within the joint

Question 35

Empty End-Feel

Answer 35

Pain is felt before true end-feel is attained

Question 36

• Static test for muscle strength (isometric)
• Allow for isolation of structure being tested

Place client’s joint in midrange of motion being tested. Instruct the client to hold that position and not allow the therapist to move it. Therapist attempts to move the limb while the client resists. The therapist gradually increases the pressure to the point that a strong contraction is felt.

Answer 36

Manual Resisted Test

Question 37

• Tests designed to recreate or alleviate symptoms and/or pain
• Help therapist determine which structures to treat during the massage

Answer 37

Special Tests