Clinical Anatomy: Nervous System Divisions Flashcards
- Thoracolumbar Division
- Expends energy and deals with stressful and emergency situations
- Fight or Flight
- Preganglionic fibers originate from T1 through L2
Sympathetic Division
- Craniosacral Division
- Converses energy and is active under normal, restful conditions, including digestion
- Preganglionic fibers originate from the brainstem and spinal cord from segments S2 and S4
Parasympathetic Division
Consists of specialized tissues (glands) that secrete hormones directly into the vascular system
Endocrine System
Secrete substances into ducts which drain to internal or external body surfaces
Exocrine Glands
Feedback that controls most hormone secretion allowing concentrations to remain relatively stable
Negative Feedback
What Hormones Regulate
- Reproduction
- Development
- Growth
Attaches hypothalamus and pituitary gland
Infundibulum
The Master Gland because of its many roles
Pituitary Gland
Hormones secreted by the ANTERIOR pituitary gland
- Growth Hormone
- Prolactin
- Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
- gland controlling metabolism and calcium levels in the blood
- located anterior to the trachea
Thyroid Gland
Hormones secreted by the thyroid gland
- T3
- T4
- Calcitonin
- 2 pairs of glands located on the posterior aspect of the thyroid glands
- secrete hormones that help regulate calcium and phosphate ions in the blood
Parathyroid Glands
- Glands located on the superior poles of the kidneys
- Inner medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
- Cortex secretes hormones that control electrolytes, metabolism, and sex hormones
Adrenal Glands (suprarenal glands)
- Dual gland with both endocrine and exocrine functions
- Endocrine parts secretes insulin and glucagon
- Exocrine part secretes digestive juice through the pancreatic duct into duodenum of SI
- Located posterior the stomach
Pancreas
- Small gland located near the thalamus
- Secretes melatonin
Pineal Gland
- located posterior the body of the sternum, between the lung
- secretes hormones involved with immunity
Thymus
Organ containing cells that secrete erythropoietin
Kidneys
Hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells
Erythropoietin
