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Parasitology > ParaLab - Specimen handling > Flashcards

ParaLab - Specimen handling Flashcards

1
Q

Precaution that treats everything inside the lab as infectious

A

Standard Precaution

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2
Q

Precaution that treats blood and other bodily fluids as infectious

A

Universal Precaution

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3
Q

what should you practice in the lab and is key to avoid potential risks?

potential risks involve: ingestion (ova), skin pene(larva), infection of non-para agents

A

safety

or lab safety

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4
Q

what type of blood is used in blood specimen?

A

venous blood/capillary blood

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5
Q

what is a major factor in blood specimens to make sure that parasites won’t be missed through lysis?

A

timing

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6
Q

If malaria and babesiosis are suspected, should smears be examined w/o delay?

A

YES

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7
Q

what type of smears are needed when malaria and babesiosis are suspected?

A

Thick and Thin smears

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8
Q

what blood parasite exhibits periodicity?

A

microfilariae

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9
Q

How many specimens are collected within a span of 7 days to ensure the detection of oocytes and parasites?

A

3 specimens every other day w/in 7 days

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10
Q

How many specimens should u collect for the diagnosis of intestinal amoebiasis w/in 10 days?

A

6 specimens w/ no more than 10 days

6 specimens every other day ata w/in 10 days

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11
Q

what type of stool specimen retains its shape and this is where u cysts are high-yield?

A

formed stool

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12
Q

within how many hours should you test formed stool?

A

24 hours

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13
Q

type of stool wherein you can see both cysts and trophozoites?

A

semi-formed stool

or soft (mushy)

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14
Q

within how many hours should you examine a semi-formed stool?

A

within an hour

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15
Q

If stool is watery, what type of protozoan can u see more?

A

Trophozoites

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16
Q

Within how much time should u examine watery specimens?

A

within 30 mins after passage

labile = easiy-broken

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17
Q

the intake of what results in the examination of crystalline residues (fecal artifacts) instead of parasites? for how much time should u defer if px took this?

A

Laxatives; 1-week deferral

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18
Q

the intake of what decreases the number of parasites for several weeks?

A

antibiotics

antiprotozoal = 3-4 weeks
antihelminthic = 5-6 weeks

19
Q

Trophozoites are likely to die within how much time after passage?

A

30 mins to 1 hr

20
Q

where can you put stool samples for temporary storage?

A

dirty ref

21
Q

what must be the temp of the dirty ref?

A

3-5oC

or 4 degrees

22
Q

what is usually killed when stool sx is refrigerated?

A

trophozoites

23
Q

what is pertained to as the all-purpose fixative for the recovery of protozoans and helminths?

A

formalin

24
Q

formalin conc used for protozoans

A

5% formalin

25
Q

formalin conc used for helminth eggs and larva?

A

10% formalin

26
Q

how much stool should you collect if specimen is formed

A

thumb-sized sx

27
Q

how much stool should u collect if sample is watery?

A

5-6 tablespoons of watery stool

28
Q

Formalin may be buffered w/ what to preserve morphology?

A

sodium phosphate

29
Q

preserved stool can be concentrated using what concentration technique?

A

FECT (formalin-ether conc. technique)

ethyl acetate may be subbed w/ ether since ether poses safety risks

30
Q

stools that will be fixed w/ formalin must be fixed within how much time?

A

30 mins

31
Q

Stool to formalin ratio?

A

1:3

32
Q

does formalin preserve trophozoites?

A

No. it also does not preserve morphology

33
Q

Gold Standard for Stool Examination?

A
  1. Direct Stool Exam - fresh sx
  2. Conc. methods - preserved sx
  3. Permanent smear - preserved sx
34
Q

what is used to preserve fresh stool in preparation for staining stool smears?

A

Schaudinn’s solution

this also contains mercuric chloride

35
Q

fixative designed for fresh stool sx or sample from the intestinal mucosal surface for permanent staining?

A

Schaudinn’s sol’n

36
Q

fixative which acts as a plastic resin which serves to adhere a stool sample onto a slide

A

Polyvinyl Alcohol

37
Q

PVA is normally incorporated into what so that actual fixation is done by this fixative?

A

Schaudinn’s solution

38
Q

main advantage of PVA?

A

preservation of protozoans for permanent staining

39
Q

stools in PVA can be concentrated using what and can be shipped to any laboratory for further examination?

A

can be conc w FECT

40
Q

what is the function of merthiolate and iodine in MIF?

A

staining components

41
Q

formalin in MIF acts as the what?

A

preservative

42
Q

this fixative is usually used for wet mount smears

A

MIF

Merthiolate-Iodine-Formalin

43
Q

what fixative has the advantage of not containing mercuric chloride and images w this fixative are not as sharp after staining

images not as sharp as to those fixed w PVA or schaudinn’s

A

SAF

Sodium acetate-acetic acid formalin

Parasitology (25 decks)

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