PAPER 3 - Ethics and Deviance in sport

Question 1

What is BLOOD DOPING ?

Answer 1

Misuse of techniques/substances to increase RBC

Question 2

3 characteristics of blood doping

Answer 2

• used by endurance athletes + cyclists
• More RBCs = More Hb
• Removes 2 pints of blood

Question 3

What are ANABOLIC STEROIDS ?

Answer 3

• increased strength + aggression
• longer + harder training

Question 4

What are BETA BLOCKERS ?

Answer 4

• control HR and keep athlete calm

Question 5

What are STIMULANTS ?

Answer 5

increase alertness

Question 6

Give examples of legal supplements

Answer 6

vitimins, minerals, energy drinks

Question 7

Give an example of a legal supplement and outline its ADVANTAGES

Answer 7

ENERGY DRINKS
- Improve Aid + Performance
- Can help increase stamina/control weight
- Better recovery

Question 8

What are the DISADVANTAGES of taking legal supplements ?

Answer 8

• contain banned substances
• Cancer + digestive risk
• high sugar content

Question 9

What are the REASONS elite performers use PEDs ?

Answer 9

• PRESSURE from coaches
• Political pressures - Russian Doping Scandal
• ‘Everyone else is doing it’

Question 10

2 implications of PEDs on sport

Answer 10

• Fair Play concept challenged
• Cheating

Question 11

What are the implications of PEDs on a performer?

Answer 11

• Severe health dangers
• Possible death

Question 12

2 implications of PEDs on society

Answer 12

• corrupts wider society due to ‘win at all costs’
• creates -ve role models

Question 13

What are the STRATEGIES to stopping the use of PEDs ?

Answer 13

• Drug Testing in + out of comp.
• Drug Education for athletes + coaches
• Rigorous + Long Punishments

Question 14

What is VIOLENCE in sport?

Answer 14

INTENSE PHYSICAL FORCE directed towards harming others causing injury/death

Question 15

3 CAUSES of player + spectator VIOLENCE in sport ?

Answer 15

• Frustration of Events
• Rivalries
• Poor Officiating

Question 16

What is MATCH FIXING ?

Answer 16

• Game is partly/fully PRE-DETERMINED

Question 17

What is SPOT FIXING w/ example

Answer 17

SPECIFIC ASPECT of comp. is PRE-DETERMINED - football player sent off at specific time

Question 18

Give an example of match fixing

Answer 18

• 2000
• SA Cricket Captain
• took £68,000 for match info

Question 19

Where did match fixing start ?

Answer 19

Asia

Question 20

Is gambling deviant?

Answer 20

• Not deviant

Question 21

Define Deviance

Answer 21

• Behaviour that differs from the percieved social/legal norm

Question 22

Name 3 Illegal PEDs

Answer 22

• Anabolic Steroids
• Beta Blockers
• Stimulants

Question 23

Societal Implications of violence

Answer 23

• Sport often reflects society
• Questions if we should treat violence on the field of play the same as violence on streets

Question 24

Sporting Implications of violence

Answer 24

• Strategies that promote violence should be punished
• Rule changes will reduce violence

Question 25

Performance implications of violence

Answer 25

• Should be aware of role model responsibility
• Education of performers about fair play

Question 26

3 Strategies to prevent player + spectator violence w/examples

Answer 26

• Punishments at the time - Fines
• Sophisticated policing methods - CCTV
• Law Enforcement - Banning orders

Question 27

Main characteristic of match fixing?

Answer 27

• Contacts between corrupt players, coaches + team officials

Question 28

What is match fixing designed to do?

Answer 28

Make individuals + illicit organisations lots of money

Question 29

Characteristics of gambling

Answer 29

• Outcome of events are unpredictable w/element of chance