PAPER 3 - Emergence and evolution of modern sport Flashcards
PRE INDUSTRIAL : SOCIAL CLASS
UC = complex rules, had time + money - real tennis,
LC = simple, few rules, violent - mob football
Both - Cricket
Where did PEDESTRIANISM stem from ?
LC footmen ensuring carriages didn’t overturn on rough track
What is PEDESTRIANISM ?
19th-century competitive walking
PRE-INDUSTRIAL : GENDER
- lower participation
- ‘weaker sex’
- less time - looking after family
Which sport event did UC women compete in - pre-industrial ?
archery
Which sport event did LC women compete in - pre-industrial ?
smock racing
PRE-INDUSTRIAL : LAW AND ORDER
e.g.
- limited + localised rules
- nothing was illegal
animal cruelty
What act did the Metropolitan Police create in 1829 ?
- Force through the actions of the Home Secretary - Sir Robert Peel
PRE-INDUSTRIAL : TIME
- WC - No time/energy due to long working hrs (75/week)
- participated on few bank holidays w/ short activities
Pre - Industrial - Money
- UC - Expensive equipment, specialised facilities
- WC - Used natural facilities + equipment
PRE-INDUSTRIAL : EDUCATION + Literacy
- WC - Limited, unwritten rules
- UC - Complex, defined rules
- UC males were literate, WC females weren’t
PRE-INDUSTRIAL : TRANSPORT
WC - Local play, no leagues, cups or standardised rules
UC - built facilites to avoid poor road
POST-1850 INDUSTRIAL : SOCIAL CLASS
- Saturday half days
- Factory teams increased WC participation
POST INDUSTRIAL : GENDER
- gradual increase in female participation
- still lower compared to males
POST INDUSTRIAL : LAW AND ORDER
- decline but few changes in violent sports - UC were law makers
- codification brought rules + regulations
POST-1850 INDUSTRIAL : EDUCATION
- Education improved understanding = better range + access for WC
- More participation
POST INDUSTRIAL : TRANSPORT
- Range of international + league fixtures
- Developed standardised rules
Post industrial - Time
- LC - growing participation + energy due to reduced working hrs
- Saturday half day increased participation
- Still less then UC
Post Industrial - Money
- WC lacked disposable income but professionalism increased access
3 ways public schools influenced sport
- Thomas Arnold = house system
- cult of athleticism
- 1845 rugby rules
2 reasons why cycling was socially acceptable for women post 1850
- Not too violent
- Could be done in a ‘feminine’ way
How did NGB’s help develop sport post-1850
- Created Rules to civilise society
- Travel to play so common rules important.
3 reasons private school students are more sucessful
- Specialist Coaching + Equipment
- More Curriculum time
- Wider Curriculum
Explain how the ‘cult of athleticism’ impacted the development of sport.
- specialist facilities developed
- Developed moral integrity + physical endeavour
- Developed NGBs
3 ways 19th century public schools promote + organise sports?
- Rules
- Money
- Time on sport
Explain effect of rules on 19th century sports
Students developed rules, structure + NGBs
(Codification)
Explain effect of Money on 19th century sports
- Facilities, Coaching, Equipment
Explain effect of Time on sports on 19th century sports
- Boarding school
- Believed games were valuable
