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A-Level PE > PAPER 1 - Recovery, Altitude and Heat > Flashcards

PAPER 1 - Recovery, Altitude and Heat Flashcards

1
Q

What is Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC) ?

A

Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption
- VOLUME of O2 consumed post exercise to return the body to a pre-exercise state

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2
Q

What is OXYGEN DEFICIT ?

A

volume of O2 that would be required to complete an activity entirely aerobically

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3
Q

3 things that happen during the recovery process

A
  • LA Removal
  • Glycogen replenishment
  • Muscle Fibres restored
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4
Q

Describe section A of the EPOC graph

A
  • Energy used during exercise from anaerobic processes
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5
Q

Describe section B of the EPOC Graph

A

Energy used during exercise from aerobic processes

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6
Q

Describe section C of the EPOC graph

A

Fast Component post exercise to replenish ATP/PC Stores

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7
Q

Describe Section D of the EPOC Graph

A

Slow Component post exercise to remove LA

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8
Q

What are the consequences of exercise at high altitudes ?

A
  • blood vol. decreases
  • SV decrease, HR increase
  • max HR, SV, Q decrease
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9
Q

What is ACCLIMATISATION ?

A

gradual ADAPTATION to a CHANGE in ENVIRONMENT

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10
Q

What is the normal body temperature ?

A

37oC

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11
Q

What are THERMORECEPTORS ?

A

detect a CHANGE in temperature + relay info to brain

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12
Q

What is DEHYDRATION ?

A

loss of WATER in BODY TISSUE, caused by SWEATING

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13
Q

What happens when core temp rises ?

A
  • heat transported
  • CIRCULATES BLOOD to surface of skin
  • EVAPORATION
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14
Q

How does low humidity affect sweating ?

A

increases sweating

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15
Q

How does high humidity affect sweating ?

A

decreases sweating

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16
Q

What is HYPERTHERMIA ?

A
  • significantly raised core body temperature
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17
Q

What is cardiovascular drift ?

A
  • increase in heart rate during prolonged endurance exercise w/little or no change in workload
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18
Q

What are the effects of heat on the cardiovascular system ?

A
  • dilation of arterioles + capillaries to skin
  • decreased VR, SV, Q, blood vol.
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19
Q

What are the effects of heat on the respiratory system ?

A
  • breathing difficulty due to dried airways
  • Increased no. of air pollutants
  • increased f
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20
Q

State a sporting activity that would benefit from acclimatisation

A

Marathon Runners

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21
Q

2 impacts of Fast Alactacid Component

A
  • PC stores replenished
  • Blood + Muscle O2 replenished
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22
Q

main characteristics of fast component

A
  • 3m - PC stores fully recover
  • 50% in 30s, 75% in 1m
  • Requires 3-4l of O2
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23
Q

2 impacts of slow lactacid component

A
  • elevated circulation, ventilation + body temp
  • LA removal
24
Q

main characteristics of slow component

A
  • 50-75% LA back –> pyruvic for aerobic metabolism
  • 10-25% - glycogen
25
Q

2 main implications of training on recovery

A
  • Work - Relief Ratio
  • Intensity of training
26
Q

What is altitutde?
What happens if it increases?

A
  • The elevation of an area above sea level
  • Barometric Pressure decreases
27
Q

Impacts of reduced ppO2 on gas exchange

A
  • Decreased hb saturation
  • decreased O2 diffusion to muscle cell
28
Q

Net Impacts of high altitude on CV + Respiratory System

A
  • decreased VO2 max
  • decreased aerobic performance
  • quicker DOMS
29
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Naturally produced hormone responsible for RBC prod.

30
Q

Hypoxia

A
  • Deficiency in O2 reaching tissue
31
Q

Main impact of hypoxia

A
  • Altitude sickness
32
Q

Impacts of exercise in the heat on CV system

A
  • Increased blood flow + pooling
  • Increased CV strain
33
Q

Impacts of exercise in the heat on Respiratory system

A
  • Increased mucus prod.
  • Increased irritation of airways
34
Q

3 Benefits of Altitude training

A
  • Release of EPO
  • Better O2 Transport
  • SV + Q reduce
35
Q

Respiratory Adaptations to Physical Activity

A
  • Stronger respiratory muscles
  • Lung vol. change little w/training
36
Q

2 negative outcomes of physical activity on respiratory system

A
  • Prolonged aerobic performance
  • Delayed aerobic threshold + fatigue
37
Q

2 components of recovery

A
  • Fast Alactacid
  • Slow Lactacid
38
Q

Define Barometric Pressure

A
  • Pressure exerted by earth’s atmosphere at any given point
39
Q

Humidity

A
  • amount of water vapour in atmospheric air
40
Q

3 causes of hyperthermia

A
  • High air temp
  • High rel. humidity
  • prolonged exercise intensities
41
Q

Effects of heat on CV system

A
  • Dilated arterioles + capillaries
  • Lower blood vol. + cardiac values
42
Q

impacts of heat on CV system

A
  • Increased blood flow + pooling to limbs
  • CV strain
43
Q

Effects of heat on Respiratory system

A
  • Increased f maintains O2 consumption
  • More sun = more pollutants
44
Q

Impacts of heat on respiratory system

A
  • Higher O2 cost of exercise
  • Irritation of airways
45
Q

Pre-comp strategy for maximal heat performance

A
  • Cooling Aids reduce core body temp
46
Q

During Comp. strategy to maximise heat performance

A
  • Suitable clothing maximises heat loss
47
Q

Post-Comp strategies to maximise heat performance

A
  • Isotonic solutions replace lost fluids
48
Q

Describe the process of CV Drift

A
  • prolonged exercise in heat = increased rate of muscular contraction = metabolic heat = not removed quick enough to maintain core temp
49
Q

Low Altitude performance

A
  • 3-5 days
  • 1000 - 2000m
50
Q

Moderate Altitude Performance

A
  • 1-2 weeks
  • 2000 - 3000m
51
Q

High Altitude performance

A
  • 2+weeks
  • 3000m+
52
Q

Extreme Altitude Performance

A
  • 4+ weeks
  • 5000 - 5500m
53
Q

How do Cooling Aids maximise recovery?

A
  • Speed up LA removal
  • Reduce DOMS
54
Q

How does a warm up maximise recovery?

A
  • Minimises time using anaerobic energy
  • reducing O2 deficit
55
Q

How do strategies + tactics maximise recovery?

A
  • Lower intensity set plays delay OBLA + fatigue

A-Level PE (25 decks)

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