PA MockBoard REFRESHER (FINALIZED)(11/26/23)

Question 1

Which of the following pertains to testing?

A. Typically focuses on how an individual processes rather than simply the results of that processing
B. Entails a logical problem-solving approach that brings to bear many data sources to shed light on referral question
C. Yields a series of test scores which will be used for further assessment
D. Directly used to solve a specific problem

Answer 1

C. Yields a series of test scores which will be used for further assessment

Question 2

The term “format” in psychological assessment tools pertains to the following, EXCEPT:

A. Whether a test is administered online or pen-and-paper
B. Assigning evaluative codes to performance on a test
C. Knowing how much time is needed to complete a subtest in a psychological test
D. Determining the arrangement of items by difficulty

Answer 2

B. Assigning evaluative codes to performance on a test

Question 3

In testing and assessment, a “score”….

A. Is always numerical in nature
B. Reflects evaluation of performance
C. Can be a letter or other codes that represents the performance quality of a test taker
D. More than one choice from above

Answer 3

D. More than one choice from above

Question 4

Which of the following statements is least likely true about portfolio assessment?

A. This type of assessment is mainly concerned with the work products of an individual
B. Hiring decisions may be made from this assessment
C. If an assessor considers this type of assessment, openness to other assessment tools must be at a minimum since portfolios are the best options for assessment
D. All of the above

Answer 4

C. If an assessor considers this type of assessment, openness to other assessment tools must be at a minimum since portfolios are the best options for assessment

Question 5

In July 2023, Dr. Cabral developed a contemporary psychological test about gaslighting. From this situation, one can conclude that Dr. Cabral is the:

A. Test user
B. Testtaker
C. Test developer
D. Test scorer

Answer 5

C. Test developer

Question 6

Dr. Pedragosa, a colleague of Dr. Cabral heard about Dr. Cabral’s test. As one of the known social psychologists in Manila, the former would like to utilize the test among middle adolescents who have high narcissistic tendencies. From this situation, one can classify Dr. Pedragosa as a:

A. Test user
B. Testtaker
C. Test developer
D. Test scorer

Answer 6

A. Test user

Question 7

These are discernible, comparatively permanent differences between two individuals.

A. States
B. Traits
C. Self-concept
D. Psychological type

Answer 7

B. Traits

Question 8

In July 2023, Dr. Cabral developed a contemporary psychological test about gaslighting. From this situation, one can conclude that Dr. Cabral is the:

A. Test user
B. Testtaker
C. Test developer
D. Test scorer

Answer 8

C. Test developer

Question 9

The term “Ghosting” has been circulating around social media nowadays. Because of her firm curiosity, Dra. Marcelo aimed to make a psychological test measuring the said construct. Which assumption about psychological testing and assessment is the MOST relevant to this situation?

A. Psychological traits and states are non-existent
B. Psychological traits and states can be quantified and measured
C. Tests have strengths and weaknesses
D. None of the above

Answer 9

B. Psychological traits and states can be quantified and measured

Question 10

While administering the Bender-Gestalt test, Dra. Luz received a text message that her husband had a heart attack. As a reaction, she cried during the session, and her client was honestly distracted by her crying. Which assumption about psychological testing and assessment is the MOST relevant to this situation?

A. Psychological traits and states are existent
B. Testing and assessment benefit the society
C. Various sources of error are part of the assessment process
D. None of the above

Answer 10

C. Various sources of error are part of the assessment process

Question 11

Dr. Ferandez is convinced that he will not maximize the assessment process by just using the SB-5 intelligence test on his client. He seeks to consider other tools that could provide additional data. Which assumption about psychological testing and assessment is the MOST relevant to this situation?

A. Test-related behavior predicts non-test related behavior
B. Tests have strengths and weaknesses
C. Various sources of error are part of the assessment process
D. None of the above

Answer 11

B. Tests have strengths and weaknesses

Question 12

Which of the following does not characterize criterion-referenced testing?

A. To be a registered psychometrician, the testtaker must have a general average of at least 75.00 %
B. Luna’s score in the Scholastic Aptitude Test is compared to others’ scores to know more about her overall standing
C. To be eligible for a high-school diploma, students must demonstrate at least a sixth-grade reading level
D. None of the above

Answer 12

B. Luna’s score in the Scholastic Aptitude Test is compared to others’ scores to know more about her overall standing

Question 13

Which of the following characterizes inferential statistics?

A. Dr. Rivera wants to know the standard deviation of scores in his self-made test on the Filipino trait, ‘Pagkamahiyain’
B. Dr. Ubaldo uses sample data to generalize about a larger population in his study
C. Dra. Gracia wants to know the average score on “Pagkapikunin” scale among adolescents with high anxiety scores
D. None of the above

Answer 13

B. Dr. Ubaldo uses sample data to generalize about a larger population in his study

Question 14

Girlie wants to consider the SOP: “Is there a significant difference between the empathy levels of male emerging adults and female emerging adults after the intervention?”. Using the statement presented, one may infer that she will be using:

A. Between subjects design
B. Within subjects design
C. Both designs
D. None of the above

Answer 14

A. Between subjects design

Question 15

For her dissertation research, Melissa is eyeing to conduct experimental research about the levels of neuroticism of an individual after he/she is exposed to two treatments:

Treatment A: Viewing of a 15-minute ‘killing’ clip of of a ficitional slasher film

Treatment B: Viewing of real, explicit, and graphic images of dead bodies who were victimized by serial killers.

Using the statement presented, it is best to use:

a. Between subjects design
b. Within subjects design
c. Both designs
d. None of the above

Answer 15

b. Within subjects design

Question 16

Which of the following portray/s an opportunity to use a design wherein independent sample means will be compared with each other?

A. Through conducting cross-sectional research
B. Through uncovering whether there are significant differences among the means in a within subjects design
C. Through knowing whether there are discrepancies among the scores of group x and group y
D. More than one choice from above

Answer 16

D. More than one choice from above

Question 17

After administering the comprehensive examinations for developmental psychology, item analysis showed that only 1/8 of the takers passed the exam. What type of skewness is present in the data?

A. Positively skewed
B. Negatively skewed
C. Neutrally skewed
D. None of the above

Answer 17

A. Positively skewed

Question 18

When the data is negatively skewed, one can infer that:

A. Almost 95 % of the takers obtained high scores.
B. The test was too easy
C. The test was too difficult
D. More than one choice from above

Answer 18

D. More than one choice from above

Question 19

When there is a wide variety of scores in a data, the kurtosis of the distribution is expected to be:

a. Platykurtic
b. Leptokurtic
c. Mesokurtic
d. None of the above

Answer 19

a. Platykurtic

Question 20

Georgie conducted a study about parental adjustment among teenage parents. She used independent samples t-test for her data analysis. Upon asking her, she said that she needed to run a post-hoc test (Scheffe test) on her data. What will be your response to her statement?

A. Agree with Georgie since a post-hoc test is crucial in studies relating to parental adjustments
B. Agree with Georgie since a posthoc test is essential for data using independent samples t-test
C. Disagree with Georgie since she should have used correlation in comparing mean differences
D. Disagree with Georgie since posthoc tests are only used in ANOVA

Answer 20

D. Disagree with Georgie since posthoc tests are only used in ANOVA

Question 21

What is the main difference between one way and two way anova?

A. Nature of dependent variable
B. Independent variable quantity
C. Means of groups
D. None of the above

Answer 21

B. Independent variable quantity

Question 22

These are raw scores that are converted from one scale to another scale where the latter scale has a set mean and standard deviation.

A. Standard scores
B. Essential scores
C. Interpretive scores
D. Pure scores

Answer 22

A. Standard scores

Question 23

Dr. Carranza shared that he will be using T-score for his own-made test about internet gaming disorder. Which of the following characterizes the said standard score?

A. mean = 10, SD = 60
B. mean = 50, Square root of variance = 10
C. mean = 20, (variance)^2= 50
D. None of the above

Answer 23

B. mean = 50, Square root of variance = 10

Question 24

Which of the following does not pertain to Correlation?

A. It establishes a causal relationship
B. Coefficients can be from +2 to -2
C. It determines the magnitude of the relationship
D. More than one choice from above

Answer 24

D. More than one choice from above

Question 25

Rica just recently finished her data analysis for her correlational research about sexual self-efficacy (SSE) and conscientiousness. Results showed a correlation coefficient of -2.76. What could be inferred from the results?

A. The results indicate an inverse relationship
B. As SSE increases, conscientiousness also increases
C. Reject the results and let Rica re-analyze her data
D. More than one choice from above

Answer 25

C. Reject the results and let Rica re-analyze her data

Question 26

Danielle studied the relationship between depressive tendencies and hours of watching TikTok videos which promote self-pity. Data analysis results revealed that the correlation coefficient is +0.78. Is it possible to know how much change in hours of watching the said videos affects the change in depressive tendencies?

A. Yes, through correlation of determination
B. Yes, through squaring the correlation coefficient
C. No, since this can only be strictly achieved through applying an experimental methodology
D. More than one choice from above

Answer 26

D. More than one choice from above

Question 27

From the case above, How will it be possible to obtain the variation that is shared by other factors that can be considered as unexplainable? In addition, what is its expected value?

A. Through obtaining the coefficient of determination. Its value must be 60.84 %
B. Through running a hierarchical regression. Its value must be 0.3042
C. Through determining the coefficient of alienation. Its value must be 39.16 %
D. More than one choice from above

Answer 27

C. Through determining the coefficient of alienation. Its value must be 39.16 %

Question 28

Which is true about Friedman test?

A. It is a nonparametric test
B. It is the counterpart of Repeated measures ANOVA
C. It is used when one group is measured on three or more different occasions
D. All of the above

Answer 28

D. All of the above

Question 29

Dr. Tirona found out that the results of Levene’s test is 0.112. After knowing this, she stated that she will use Kruskal-Wallis test as a statistical test for her data. Based from the available information, what will you do?

A. Let Dr. Tirona proceed with her further quantitative data analysis
B. Suggest to Dr. Tirona to consider another more appropriate statistical test
C. Let her run a correlational analysis first in order to strengthen her results
D. None of the above

Answer 29

B. Suggest to Dr. Tirona to consider another more appropriate statistical test

Question 30

Suppose that you are a research panelist in a research congress, and upon checking the Alternative hypothesis of one of the studies, it states that: σ after exposure to treatment = 80. What will be expected of your evaluation?

A. You will give a rating 2 standard deviations above the average grade
B. You will give a rating of +1.5 SD
C. The research group will receive a grade of at least -2 SD
D. The research study will have a grade the same as the mean.

Answer 30

C. The research group will receive a grade of at least -2 SD

Question 31

Gladys, a psychology student, is conceptualizing experimental psychology research for her final requirement. During your
conversation with her, she shared that she came up with using a 0.001 alpha level as a decision criterion for her study. What would be the most appropriate response?

A. “That’s a good choice! since experimental psychology studies have a 99.99 % chance of accepting the null hypothesis”
B. “Just go, Gladys! You may choose whatever alpha level you like since it will only have a minimal effect on the results of your study”
C. “Thank you for sharing your thoughts, Gladys. But, it is preferable for you to use a 5 % alpha level since you will be conducting a social science research”
D. “It is preferable to use a 20 % significance level since the field of Experimental Psychology is prone to inevitable errors due to different kinds of errors and biases”

Answer 31

C. “Thank you for sharing your thoughts, Gladys. But, it is preferable for you to use a 5 % alpha level since you will be conducting a social science research”

Question 32

What are the components of the general formula of ‘Observed score’?

A. True score and error
B. Error and +5 Z-score
C. True score and Standard Deviation score
D. Error and Observed differences

Answer 32

A. True score and error

Question 33

The following pertains to ‘systematic error’, except:

A. Once it becomes known, it can be fixable
B. It greatly affects test consistency
C. This type of error is not a concern in score consistency
D. All of the above

Answer 33

B. It greatly affects test consistency

Question 34

Ms. Tee, a newly licensed psychometrician, was tasked to administer a personality test among aspiring OFWs. During the administration, Ms. Tee overtly presented a grumpy, fierce, and intimidating personality which made the examinees nervous and anxious. This situation portrays what source of error?

A. Test construction
B. Test scoring and interpretation
C. Test administration
D. All of the above

Answer 34

C. Test administration

Question 35

Which of the following is false about the ‘coefficient of stability’?

A. It is a concept under test-retest reliability
B. It is the reliability estimate when interval between testing is at least 2 months
C. Both statements are false
D. None of the above

Answer 35

B. It is the reliability estimate when interval between testing is at least 2 months

Question 36

Four clinical psychologists are studying a case of a Middle-aged Filipina with an undetermined culture-bound mental disorder, a condition that could be a new addition to the field of Abnormal Psychology. One of their assessment techniques is to observe the overt behaviors of the Filipina through a behavioral checklist while confined in her private ward. What should be the method to be considered in assessing the level of agreement among the four professionals?

A. Cohen’s Kappa
B. Fleiss’s Kappa
C. Kappa Omega
D. Alpha Kappa

Answer 36

B. Fleiss’s Kappa

Question 37

Dr. Lanuza developed a new psychological test measuring the psychological adjustment among people who are newly-diagnosed with HIV infection. Her test, in nature, employs Likert scale and does not have right or wrong answers. In connection, she wants to obtain an estimate of internal consistency of her test. As a psychometrician, what method will you suggest to her?

A. KR20
B. KR21
C. Coefficient Alpha
D. Fleiss’ Kappa

Answer 37

C. Coefficient Alpha

Question 38

Roderick became furious after taking their Developmental Psychology midterm examinations, as the items did not reflect the topics they studied during the said term. Instead, his professor included 90 % of past items they took during their preliminaries. Which aspect of validity is the issue in this situation?

A. Content validity
B. Construct validity
C. Face validity
D. More than one choice from above

Answer 38

A. Content validity

Question 39

Dr. Belinda developed a Filipino honesty test (FHT), and administered it to Juvenile Delinquents. Results revealed that they have high honesty scores, but after 2 years, these testtakers exhibited frequent dishonest behaviors. Which aspect of validity is the main concern in this situation?

A. Predictive validity
B. Criterion-related validity
C. Face validity
D. More than one choice from above

Answer 39

A. Predictive validity

Question 40

A psychopathology assessment tool falsely indicates that the testtaker exhibits PTSD symptoms, but in fact, she does not.

A. Type I error
B. Type II error
C. Type III error
D. Type IV error

Answer 40

A. Type I error

Question 41

This item format in test development solicits test-takers to elect a response from a list of possible responses.

A. Constructed-response format
B. Selected-response format
C. Prepared-response format
D. Inductive-response format

Answer 41

B. Selected-response format

Question 42

The following statements pertain to the nature of binary choice items, except:

A. Probability of obtaining a correct answer by chance is 25 %
B. A multiple-choice item containing two possible responses
C. It may be in the form of true-false item
D. A good binary choice must not be subject to a debate

Answer 42

A. Probability of obtaining a correct answer by chance is 25 %

Question 43

In this type of item scoring, testtaker responses earn credit placement in a particular class or category with other test takers whose pattern of responses in presumably similar in some way.

A. Ipsative scoring
B. Category scoring
C. Party scoring
D. Individual scoring

Answer 43

B. Category scoring

Question 44

After analyzing Client C’s responses on COVID-19 anxiety scale, the psychometrician concluded that the client’s score in physical symptoms (z=1.25) of anxiety is higher than his behavioral symptoms (z= 0.98). Based from the situation, the psychometrician utilized what type of test scoring?

A. Cumulative scoring
B. Ipsative scoring
C. Category scoring
D. Individual scoring

Answer 44

B. Ipsative scoring

Question 45

During item analysis of a contemporary Filipino Intelligence test, Dr. Rose calculates the total number of testtakers who answered item 3 correctly. What specifically does she want to obtain?

A. Item discrimination index
B. Item difficulty index
C. Item reliability index
D. Item validity index

Answer 45

B. Item difficulty index

Question 46

In item analysis, this indicates how adequately an item separates high scorers from low scorers on the entire test.

A. Item validity index
B. Item discrimination index
C. Item difficulty index
D. Item reliability index.

Answer 46

B. Item discrimination index

Question 47

After a strong earthquake, a newly licensed psychometrician provided brief psychotherapy to some individuals in his community in the evacuation center who exhibited trauma symptoms. The mental health professional shared with you that he told his ‘clients to decline any referrals made to other psychologists by emergency personnel, since he, himself, can already conduct the intervention to them. We may conclude that what the psychometrician said in the latter part was:

a. Ethical, since it is stated in the code of ethics that all mental health professionals can provide emergency interventions and extend it on post-emergency phases.
b. Unethical, since the psychometrician is depriving the affected individuals to appropriate competent services which are to be made available.
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above

Answer 47

b. Unethical, since the psychometrician is depriving the affected individuals to appropriate competent services which are to be made available.

Question 48

Which of the following is true about explaining assessment results in the practice of psychologists and psychometricians?

a. Non-technical language must be used when communicating test results to relatives, parents, or teachers
b. Since it is fully prohibited, clients cannot ask for permission from mental health practitioners when they explain test results online
c. As mental health practitioners, we may release test results to anyone without the permission of the client, since the data is already our property.
d. All of the above

Answer 48

a. Non-technical language must be used when communicating test results to relatives, parents, or teachers

Question 49

Dr. Beth, a psychotherapist, did not accept any client for a month since she is still grieving from the death of her long-time pet dog. Is there an ethical issue on this circumstance?

a. Yes, since mental health practitioners must always be ready to conduct their services.
b. None, since there is a substantial likelihood that Dr. Beth’s state may prevent her from performing work-related activities in a competent manner.
c. Yes, since the passing of her pet dog does not have to do with her practice as a psychotherapist.
d. None, since Dr. Beth may freely choose her schedules.

Answer 49

b. None, since there is a substantial likelihood that Dr. Beth’s state may prevent her from performing work-related activities in a competent manner.

Question 50

This principle discussed contributing to the knowledge about human behavior, and using such knowledge to improve the condition of individuals, families, groups, communities, and society.

A. Integrity
B. Competent caring for the Well-Being of Persons and Peoples
C. Professional and Scientific Responsibilities to Society
D. Respect for the Dignity of Persons and Peoples

Answer 50

C. Professional and Scientific Responsibilities to Society