IOP SIR PAT (5/20/24) on going

Question 1

A company with a relatively small group of employees has been fighting over the decision that the organization should flow. The owner of the company feels that he doesn’t have control over his employees as they are to be credited with the fast growing market value of their organization. How should an organizational development specialist resolve the conflict this company is experiencing?

a. Strengthen the talent management of the organization to ensure a stable
organizational culture of the company.
b. Recommend a shift in organizational
structure: from tall to line.
c. Create a middle management where the current employees are the managers and
the newly hired are the staff personnel.
d. Invite a management training specialist that will train employees in interpersonal skills.

Answer 1

c. Create a middle management where the current employees are the managers and

Tall and Line are the same

Shift from Flat to Tall

Question 2

Which of the following is HRD practice?

a. Ben thinks of possible bonuses he can give his employees given a certain amount of budget.
b. Carlota trains her employees in the usual practices and processes that take place in their operations.
c. Angelica calculates the retirement package of her retiring employees.
d. Denver communicates between the union labor president and the company president to ensure a harmonious relationship between two parties.

Answer 2

a. Ben thinks of possible bonuses he can give his employees given a certain amount of budget.

A. Keyword: Bonuses (ibig sabihin wala pa, not the usual, so you want to improve it)

B. Carlota - HRM; keyword: trains and usual (maintain)

D - still refers to maintaining relationships

Question 2

Which conflict could possibly arise in a flat organizational structure?

a. Communication barriers
b. Jurisdictional ambiguity
c. Task interdependence
d. All of the above

Answer 2

b. Jurisdictional ambiguity

Flat organizational structure - report directly to the boss

Flat - directly reporting to the owner, role ambiguity (that’s why theres no task interdependence)

Conflicts:

Group-Group

Individual Group

Interpersonal Conflicts

Question 3

Cathy always asks her boss if she needs help and is willing to stay late. Meryl talks negatively about her coworkers and keeps important information from them. Which of the following is true?

a. Neither Cathy nor Meryl is playing politics
b. Meryl and Cathy are playing politics
c. Cathy is playing negative politics
d. Meryl and Cathy are playing negative
politics.

Answer 3

b. Meryl and Cathy are playing politics

Question 4

What is the hallmark of the forcing style of handling conflict?

a. Responding to conflict by always trying to win
b. Giving in to the other person in a conflict c. Resolving the conflict in such a way that both sides get what they want
d. Allowing each side to get some of what it wants

Answer 4

a. Responding to conflict by always trying to win

Question 5

What is the primary focus of human resource development (HRD)?

a. Personal and professional growth of
employees
b. Staffing and compensation management c. Defining or designing work within an
organization
d. Creating systems for organizing people within an organization

Answer 5

a. Responding to conflict by always trying to win

The rest are HRM

Question 6

What is the term used to describe the extent to which an employee wants to remain with an organization and cares about the organization?

a. Job Satisfaction
b. Continuance Commitment
c. Normative Commitment
d. Affective Commitment

Question 7

Which aspect of organizational justice refers to the perceived fairness of the interpersonal treatment that employees receive in an organization?

a. Procedural Justice
b. Distributive Justice
c. Interactional Justice
d. Organizational Justice

Answer 7

c. Interactional Justice

Procedural - questioning procedures or process on how the promotion took place (e.g. bakit siya ang na promote pero hindi naman ako naassess?)

Distributive - questioning outcome (Bakit siya napromote mas magaling ako sa assessment?)

Question 8

How can businesses use the concept of force field analysis before modifying their processes?

a. By ignoring the internal factors.
b. By maintaining the existing processes.
c. By weighing factors to improve operations. d. By strengthening restraining forces against change.

Question 9

In a force field analysis, what does it mean if driving forces are stronger than restraining forces?

a. The change can be implemented smoothly
b. The analysis needs to be restarted
c. The change should not be implemented
d. The change needs more restraining factors

Question 10

Gerald receives poor evaluation in interpersonal skills. He stutters when his customers complained about a certain product. Although no specified inappropriate behavior as a customer relations officer were reported, which of the following training methods is best for Gerald?

a. Case Studies would help to increase critical thinking skills which are lacking in Gerald.
b. The training officer should capitalize on using role plays.
c. The best method to use is behavior
modelling to increase Gerald’s
performance.
d. All of the above are possible techniques.

Answer 10

Gerald receives poor evaluation in interpersonal skills. He stutters when his customers complained about a certain product. Although no specified inappropriate behavior as a customer relations officer were reported, which of the following training methods is best for Gerald?

Corrective nature ang behavioral modelling

Question 11

What are the key responsibilities of a human resource manager compared to a human resource development manager in an organization?

a. The human resource manager oversees organizational activities, while the human
resource development manager is
responsible for training and learning initiatives.
b. The human resource manager focuses on employee empowerment, while the human
resource development manager is
responsible for performance appraisal.
c. The human resource manager is involved in manpower planning and staffing, while the human resource development manager
deals with career development and talent management.
d. The human resource manager manages employee relationships and evaluation processes, while the human resource development manager is focused on employee engagement and learning.

Answer 11

c. The human resource manager is involved in manpower planning and staffing, while the human resource development manager
deals with career development and talent management.

Training/Onboarding/Orientation (pwedeng HRM and HRD so A can’t be the exact answer)

Question 12

Mark was promoted via appointment direct from the CEO. Luke was promoted because of his high performance in the recent sales. John was promoted, not because of his recent performance, but, because of his 10 years seniority in the company. Which classical theory seems to evaluate these bases for promotion as poor and inefficient?

a. Scientific
b. Administrative
c. Bureaucratic
d. Participative

Answer 12

c. Bureaucratic

a. Scientific - way of managing of your people
b. Administrative - characteristics of the leaders
c. Bureaucratic - process of how the organization promotes the employees

Question 13

In the company where Haley works, they have a policy of choosing the highest scorer in their test as a selection method. However, after reviewing their curriculum vitae, Haley found a certain issue regarding the top scorer that he may not be qualified for the position. The best thing that Haley should do is to

a. Hire the top performer. Deviating from this will go against the hiring policy of the company.
b. Justify her actions and let the line manager decide. Give top three performers and allow the line manager to choose based on the needs.
c. Provide another test that would clarify your hunch against the top scorer. In this case, you are not liable since you have gathered
enough data to prove your point.
d. Disqualify the top scorer and never mention it to anyone. At the end, this is Haley’s power and right as the HR manager not to
hire anybody based on her impressions.

Answer 13

b. Justify her actions and let the line manager decide. Give top three performers and allow the line manager to choose based on the needs.

Counterpart of topdown: Rule of 3, Rule of 5

Question 14

What is the part of the change process where the change agent produces disequilibrium between driving and restraining forces?

a. Lewin’s force field analysis model
b. Parallel learning structures
c. Unfreezing
d. Future search Systemwide group sessions

Question 15

Which factor contributes to people resisting change by maintaining their comfort zones?

a. Breaking routines
b. Adopting new behaviors
c. Challenging team norms
d. Embracing the unknown

Question 16

You are being asked by a panel who is currently interviewing a high quality applicant (double PhD, held an executive position for 10 years in an international company, consultancy position at a government agency) for an executive position. Although he is the best fit in the position, they told you that the asking salary of the applicant is 50% higher than that of previous employee holding the same position. Your boss is asking you about your opinion on the matter. How would you respond to their inquiry?

a. Discuss his education, experience, and responsibilities and explain whether they match the asking salary of the applicant.
b. Reject the applicant right away. These are employees considered to be ‘employees difficult to work with.’ Hence, he will not be an asset to the company.
c. The applicant should undergo the usual process of recruitment as how low level positions arE hired.
d. Analyze as to whether the employee holding the position is, rather, underpaid.

Answer 16

a. Discuss his education, experience, and responsibilities and explain whether they match the asking salary of the applicant.

Compensable Job Factors - Education,

Question 17

If hierarchical is to ____power, functional is to _____ power.

a. Legitimate, Referent
b. Legitimate, Expert
c. Expert, Reward
d. Expert, Referent

Answer 17

b. Legitimate, Expert

Functional - you have to know (expert)

Question 18

Transactional leaders are primarily focused on

a. Building commitment to the vision
b. Changing the organization’s strategies and culture
c. Creating a strategic vision
d. Linking job performance to rewards

Question 19

Which of the following best describes organizational theory?

a. The study of productivity and performance of organizations
b. The study of the actions of employees and groups within organizations
c. The study of social organizations and their structures and operations
d. The study of professional and social relationships within organizations

Answer 19

c. The study of social organizations and their structures and operations

Question 20

(1) Vertical differentiation in an organization refers to the extent to which jobs within the organization are specialized. (2) Formalization contributes to organizational efficiency by encouraging specialization and division of work.

a. First statement is correct
b. Second statement is correct
c. Both statements are correct
d. Both statements are incorrect

Answer 20

b. Second statement is correct

Formalization - refers to extent to which jobs within the organization are specialized (so statement A is wrong)

Question 21

Herny worked as an accountant in a multinational organization. He took his master’s degree and started teaching in a university. While working as a university lecturer, he is so keen with the details of his student’s output. There were times when he counseled his students on how they achieve such a grade. What is least likely false about Henry?

a. He was unconsciously socially oriented worker.
b. He is about to reach the peak of his career according to career life cycle.
c. He is truly a conventional career-oriented individual.
d. He is a technically oriented individual as his course requires him to be.

Answer 21

c. He is truly a conventional career-oriented individual.

He is detail-oriented

Question 22

What is the key difference between Human Resource Development and Human Resource Management?

a. The focus on performance appraisal vs. the process of training employees
b. The focus on employee empowerment vs. the process of organizational planning
c. The focus on hiring new talent vs. the development of current employees
d. The focus on employees’ growth and development vs. the process of managing employees

Answer 22

d. The focus on employees’ growth and development vs. the process of managing employees

HRD - growth

HRM - managing, maintaining

Question 23

What distinguishes training from employee orientation?

a. Training is a one-time event, while orientation is an ongoing process
b. Training focuses on job-specific skills, while orientation covers company policies
c. Training emphasizes socialization, while orientation emphasizes skills development
d. Training is only provided to new employees, while orientation includes current staff

Answer 23

b. Training focuses on job-specific skills, while orientation covers company policies

Orientation - socialization, usually one-time (though can be divided new hires/regular)

Question 24

The management is fully aware of the ageing population of their middle management in the company. If the HR developer is to engage in management development, what should be the core focus in answering the strategic needs of the organization?

a. Appraising current performance
b. Filling senior-level openings
c. Developing future managers
d. Creating job instruction sheets

Answer 24

c. Developing future managers

Question 25

Neoclassical: _____ :: ____ : Training

a. Career management, Classical
b. Career management, Functional
c. Strategic HRM, Modern
d. Strategic HRM, Hierarchical

Answer 25

a. Career management, Classical

Training (learning basic skills needed to perform a job), in essence, is Classical.

Functional is an organizational structure, NOT a theory

Technique3: Check analogical structure

Career management is individualized, we all have our own way of managing our own career

Question 26

Matrix: ____:: _____: Open

a. Open, Line
b. Centralized, Network
c. Open, Team
d. Centralized, Flat

Answer 26

d. Centralized, Flat

Communication Structures:

> Matrix - centralized communication, Employee reports to 2 individuals

> Open (alam ng lahat) - network and flat, BUT in communication structures. It’s flat

Question 27

Which theory focuses on the emotional and psychological components of peoples’ behavior in an organization?

a. Neo-classical theory
b. Modern theory
c. Motivation theory
d. Formal Organizations

Answer 27

a. Neo-classical theory

What drives employees: Motivation Theory

Emotional and psychological components, more general: neo-classical

Question 28

According to the contingency theory, who makes the most valuable or impactful choices in an organization?
a. Employees working at all levels
b. Employees working at higher levels
c. External stakeholders
d. Employees working at lower levels

Answer 28

b. Employees working at higher levels

Contingency theory: decision/situational theory

Done by the management, managers are the ones looking for the solution.

Question 29

How does Scientific Management differ from Neoclassical Organizational Theory in terms of worker focus?

a. Worker training vs. group work
b. Scientific selection vs. role comprehension
c. Specialized tasks vs. participative management
d. Conflict resolution vs. stability

Answer 29

a. Worker training vs. group work

a. Worker training vs. group work = Scientific Management vs. Neo Classical

b. Scientific selection vs. role comprehension = Scientific Management vs. System

c. Specialized tasks vs. participative management = Scientific Management vs. Neo Classical but Specialized Tasks focuses on Work than Worker

d. Conflict resolution vs. stability

Question 30

What is a primary role comparison between a human resource manager and a human resource development manager in an organization?

a. Focused on maintaining relationships vs. focused on career development
b. Focused on performance appraisal vs. focused on talent management
c. Focused on organizational planning vs. focused on employee training and development
d. Focused on staffing vs. focused on employee engagement

Answer 30

c. Focused on organizational planning vs. focused on employee training and development

B is limited

Which captures everything?

Question: PRIMARY ROLE

It’s NOT enough to say that the primary role of the HR Manager is just maintaining relationships.

Question 31

Diana, the HR manager maintains the rules and regulations in the organization using the
management-by-walking approach. Despite the strict standards she imposes, the company sales are still affected by the economic movements outside their control. What would an organizational development specialist initially recommend in a fast-changing inflation rate in a highly structured organization?

a. Recommend that Diana should adapt to changing circumstances outside their
organization by identifying what motivates
her employees.
b. Diana should conduct research regarding the impact of her management styles on
her employee’s performance.
c. The organization should shift from
hierarchical to functional structure to
capitalize on the employee’s knowledge and skills on sales.
d. Any recommendations above will be useful in Diana’s case.

Answer 31

b. Diana should conduct research regarding the impact of her management styles on

Organizational Development - scientific approach, uses data; highlights the use of ACTION RESEARCH

Basic Research - highlights use of theory

Action Research - highlights use of program; was the program you used effective?

Organizational Development cannot be separated to research

There should be data gathering first before proposing a shift

Question 32

Enrico, the marketing director, is about to retire in 5 years. His work in the company is remarkable and the present HR manager is concerned as to what to do in his retirement. He has a span of control of 7 marketing managers but none of them are at par with Enrico’s performance. In the context of the employer’s succession planning, what would an OD specialist recommend?

a. Implementing long-term focus strategies
b. Assessing current job descriptions
c. Filling senior-level openings
d. Appraising managers’ current performance

Answer 32

d. Appraising managers’ current performance

Arm of OD is the use of research, there will always be data (gathered by measurements)

Your appraisals are your data which can you research on

Question 33

Getting a driver’s license here in the country requires two steps: theoretical driving course (TDC) and practical driving course (PDC). After getting your student license through the completion of TDC, you will be permitted to take PDC to finally get your non professional license. What kind of training does this portray?

a. Simulation
b. Apprenticeship
c. On-the-job training
d. Coaching

Answer 33

b. Apprenticeship

Question 34

On-the-job training is applicable to

a. Lower level employee
b. Middle management
c. Upper management
d. All levels within the organization.

Answer 34

d. All levels within the organization.

OJT not just for undergrad,

Question 35

Which organizational conflict could arise in functional organizational structure?

a. Communication barriers
b. Jurisdictional ambiguity
c. Task interdependence
d. All of the above

Answer 35

a. Communication barriers

Due to Jargons, Silos can be communciation barriers

Question 36

What is the main difference between job enlargement and job enrichment?
a. Job enlargement and job enrichment are unrelated to job satisfaction.
b. Job enlargement involves more tasks, while job enrichment involves more responsibility.
c. Job enlargement and job enrichment are the same thing.
d. Job enlargement involves more
responsibility, while job enrichment involves more tasks.

Answer 36

b. Job enlargement involves more tasks, while job enrichment involves more responsibility.

Question 37

What is the purpose of communication in an organization?

a. To elicit action and exert control
b. To achieve balance and harmony
c. To link decision centers and coordinate
d. To transform technology into a meaningful tool

Answer 37

c. To link decision centers and coordinate

The question is for the general sense of purpose

A - is specific

Communication is a form of link

Question 38

What is the role of hierarchy in facilitating coordination in an organization?

a. Integrating the objectives and activities of specialized departments
b. Dividing work into units for efficient
performance
c. Providing people with a clear picture of how their work fits into the organization
d. Facilitating vertical coordination of various departments and their activities

Answer 38

d. Facilitating vertical coordination of various departments and their activities

Horizontal - power struggles

Hierarchy - chain of command,

A - better answer for Functional

Question 39

Which test should you use to identify potential career orientations among employees?
a. Strong-Campbell
b. Myers-Briggs
c. McCrea-Costa
d. California Personality

Answer 39

a. Strong-Campbell

Career Orientation - Strong-Campbell

Question 40

What qualities do change agents need to possess? a. Authoritarian leadership
b. Transformational leadership
c. Passive leadership
d. Transactional leadership

Question 41

Which individual aligns his function with human resource development (HRD)?

a. Mr. Jose is concerned with identifying what traits to look for when hiring his employees. Likewise, he is also interested on how to pay to his employees based on legal and theoretical standards.
b. Mr. Joseph consults to experts on how to enhance both the personal and professional growth of employees.
c. both Jose and Joseph
d. Neither Jose nor Joseph

Answer 41

b. Mr. Joseph consults to experts on how to enhance both the personal and professional growth of employees.

Question 42

Employees at PPP Company receive a bonus at the end of each year. The bonus is based on the amount of money the company made during the year. Roth is using a _______ system.

a. pay-for-performance
b. merit pay
c. gainsharing
d. profit sharing

Answer 42

d. profit sharing

Individual

Pay-for-performance: output-based

Merit: Appraisal-based

Group

Gainsharing - expectation of increase in performance

Profit sharing - no expectation of increase (though bonuses)

Question 43

While Hera the pediatrician in a clinic meets with the clients, Lena books the schedules of appointment for her. What is the relationship between Hera and Lena in an organizational structure?

a. They have a hierarchical relationship
b. They have a dependent relationship
c. They have a functional relationship
d. They have an equal relationship

Answer 43

c. They have a functional relationship

Question 44

Which one of the following is an advantage of the network organizational structure?

a. It allows for effective communication that brings stability to the organization
b. It helps build a culture that contributes to higher morale
c. It promotes healthy competition,
innovation, and collaboration
d. It makes it much easier to assign
responsibility for actions and results

Answer 44

c. It promotes healthy competition,
innovation, and collaboration

A - even

B - Can be for hierarchical; internal recruitment can build higher morale (can be both expected in divisional and hierarchical

C - In essence, divisional can be for network because you communicate directly with your client/boss

Technique 4: get what’s the best/possible

D - Can be for functional, divisional, horizontal (means that it may not be exactly the answer)

Question 45

What is the role of the HR Manager in the formulation of CBA?

a. Facilitator
b. Inhibitor
c. Evaluator
d. Creator

Answer 45

a. Facilitator

Collective Bargaining Agreement (admin and union leaders)

You coordinate, send emails, do appointments, get MoM

Question 46

In group think, mindguards actively shield the group from information that challenges the consensus. Lack of creativity is often the outcome of groupthink.

a. The first statement is correct, while the second statement is wrong.
b. The first statement is wrong, while the
second statement is correct.
c. Both the first and second statements are correct.
d. Both the first and second statements are wrong.

Answer 46

c. Both the first and second statements are correct.

Question 47

Accordingly, gen Z graduates are more of a collaborator than a follower. Which organizational structure is least applicable to this generation?

a. Classical
b. Neo-classical
c. Open systems
d. Socio-technical

Answer 47

a. Classical

because it is very mechanical, paternalistic, they prefer following than collaborating

Gen z - Collaborators, they want to understand what theyre doing (clarifying on their contributions)

LEAST APPLICABLE: Classical - Mechanical, paternalistic

Question 48

What does strategic vision provide during organizational change?

a. Direction and minimizes employee fear
b. Reduces the need for change agents
c. Increases employee resistance
d. Creates chaos and uncertainty

Question 49

Evaluate each of the following organizational behavior ascribe to the classical organizational theory. Which one is least likely?

a. Howard ensures that the tasks given to Ferdinand are reasonable and doable at the prescribed time.
b. Mark compares the number of workers under Howard’s command to that of Penny.
c. Penny checks as to whether the Mark’s actions are within the prescribed grievance protocols.
d. Ferdinand who focuses on motivating
Howard in achieving his quota for the month.

Answer 49

d. Ferdinand who focuses on motivating
Howard in achieving his quota for the month.

Focuses on motivation theory or Neo classical

A - concerned with the task (work)

B - referring to span of control (work)

C - protocols, procedures (work)

LEAST LIKELY: D - talking about MOTIVATION (worker)

Question 50

The following are not false across the classical organizational theories, except

a. Company positions should be arranged in a hierarchy.
b. Company operations should follow a system of procedures made of rules and
regulations.
c. Company workers should be trained by scientists using a sound scientific method.
d. Company workers’ aspirations are one of the key factors in employee productivity.

Answer 50

d. Company workers’ aspirations are one of the key factors in employee productivity.

A - true

B - true

C - true

D - false, talks about aspirations

Tip:
> 2 negatives = Positive
> 3 or more Negatives, cancel out the pairs to get the answer
> Odd one out

Technique 1: Underline all negative auxiliaries and eliminate the pair

Technique 2: odd one out (which ones are true about classical?)

Question 51

Danny serves as the director of their research unit of the RDD company. Hanny, the research manager, endorses him all the proposals which have been
reviewed by Lanny, Tanny, and Manny, who serves as research supervisors. These proposals were submitted by Anny, Sanny, and Ranny, their main researchers of these papers. Which one of the following is a characteristic of the line organizational structure?

a. It is the simplest method of administration and is easy to understand and manage
b. It promotes healthy competition,
innovation, and collaboration
c. It has a flexible structure that reinforces problem-solving and decision-making
d. It allows for effective communication that brings stability to the organization

Answer 51

a. It is the simplest method of administration and is easy to understand and manage

Everbody has already experienced hierarchical structure (e.g. starting with family, even in governments)

Question 52

(I) Using the anatomy and physiology of the human body organs to explain the organization is best explained in systems organizational theory. (II) There should be balance between the skills and the tools to be an effective organization in following open systems organizational theory.

a. The first statement is correct, while the second statement is wrong.
b. The first statement is wrong, while the
second statement is correct.
c. Both the first and second statements are correct.
d. Both the first and second statements are wrong.

Answer 52

a. The first statement is correct, while the second statement is wrong.

Systems theory - correct

Socio technical

Question 53

NBSB is starting a dating app company in which their clients are set up for face-to-face dating. The company plans to level the company into a
multinational organization in which those abroad can join in and date locals from different countries. However, now, they are operating on a small scale. What organizational structure must NBSB be in?

a. Network Structure
b. Line Structure
c. Matrix Structure
d. Horizontal/Flat Structure

Answer 53

d. Horizontal/Flat Structure

Question: ano sila ngayon

Why not:

A - Not project-based

Question 54

What is the purpose of incorporating individual assessments in the group performance review? a. Promoting groupthink within the team
b. Creating a sense of anonymity among team members
c. Identifying and addressing social loafing on an individual level
d. Minimizing group think and individual
accountability

Answer 54

c. Identifying and addressing social loafing on an individual level

Question 55

If the group is in the Forming stage of group formation, the group would be expected to have

a. Politeness and cautious expression of
opinions
b. High productivity and goal achievement c. Smooth collaboration and interdependence
d. Exertion of effort in establishing norms and values

Answer 55

a. Politeness and cautious expression of
opinions

Question 56

What type of initiatives may be necessary if the change involves a shift in organizational culture? a. Financial incentives for employees
b. Workshops, seminars, or cultural
interventions
c. Implementing strict dress code policies
d. Rebranding the organization’s logo and slogan

Question 57

When interviewed, Farrah claims that she feels as if her knowledge grows within the company. She is thankful for the training and role opportunities she received. She feels that the company is unthreatened that their employees become in-depth specialists. Which type of organizational structure is Farrah in?

a. Network organizational structure
b. Matrix organizational structure
c. Line organizational structure
d. Functional organizational structure

Answer 57

d. Functional organizational structure

Keyword: knowledge grows within the company

Question 58

All the following factors determine the extent of centralization or de-centralization in an
organizational structure, which one is not?
a. Geographical concentration or dispersion of operations
b. Functions
c. Extent of concentration or delegation of decision-making powers
d. Compensation and Benefits

Answer 58

d. Compensation and Benefits

Decentralization or Centralization - DECISIONS

That is not based on the decisions of management. Compensation and benefits are decided by the labor code; following minimum wage

Question 59

Following the administrative theory, which of the situations below shows the essence of unity of command?

a. Harold receives command from the upper management, the bosses in the company.
b. Max as a manager is accountable to the decisions his supervisors make.
c. Dennis is willing to be suspended if his team has committed a violation of company rules and regulations.
d. Harold, Max, and Dennis follow orders from Irene, their immediate supervisor.

Answer 59

d. Harold, Max, and Dennis follow orders from Irene, their immediate supervisor.

Unity of Command - marami kayo, following the same orders

Question 60

All of the following practices are HR in nature, which one is an OD practice?

a. Performance appraisal
b. Training programs
c. Team building
d. Compensation and benefits

Answer 60

c. Team building

OD has bigger scope in terms of group

Question 61

Which organizational elements provide hints on the organizational culture one company has?

a. Company’s core values
b. Company’s compliance with labor laws
c. Company’s assets and liabilities
d. Employee’s socioeconomic landscape

Answer 61

a. Company’s core values

Question 62

HRM: ____ :: OD: ______

a. Neoclassical, open systems
b. Classical, neoclassical
c. Neoclassical, motivational
d. Classical, modern

Answer 62

b. Classical, neoclassical

HRM (Human Resource Management) = Maintenance; you want to maintain what the usual practice in the organization; compliance to policies, rules and regulations

HRD (Human Resource Development) = Improvement; you want to improve the practices in the organization, the people we have, the quality the people we have

OD (Organizational Development) = Referring to the people itself. Culture of the individuals within the organization

Question 63

Hierarchical: _____ :: _______:Transformational

a. Transactional, Matrix
b. Transactional, Team-based
c. Need for power, Functional
d. Need for power, Network

Answer 63

c. Need for power, Functional

Can hierarchical be for transactional and need for power? Yes.

Transactional - tasks

So we check

Transformational - highlights growth for their employees, they become better

Network - showcase what you already have

Functional - You can be part of the organization, part of the growth; they can provided you with training, career dev programs

Matrix / Team-based - project, working as a group

Matrix highlights efficiency

Question 64

Which type of organizational structure allows employees to use their skills in different roles? a. Network Structure
b. Horizontal/Flat Structure
c. Line Structure
d. Matrix Structure

Answer 64

d. Matrix Structure

Question 65

What is the theory that states the very fact that others happen to be present naturally produces arousal and may affect performance?

a. Evaluation apprehension
b. Comparison
c. Mere presence
d. Social facilitation

Question 66

John has been experiencing problems at work for the past month. His performance has declined
significantly after the agreement was struck and implemented between his company and another company. Ferdie, the recruiting manager where John works, received an employment demand form from John’s line boss, Howard. Howard typed a position that Ferdie did not understand on the request form because there had never been one before. What should be Ferdie’s main concern?

a. Cancel the request since there are no existing records regarding it.
b. Before carrying out the recruitment, conduct an interview with Howard to identify details regarding the request.
c. Promote John and hire another employee who can handle the task.
d. Consult the budget and capacity of the company for such expense.

Answer 66

b. Before carrying out the recruitment, conduct an interview with Howard to identify details regarding the request.

Best way, most usual job analysis - Interview

Question 67

Danny, a finance director, is about to retire at the end of the year. Henry is concerned regarding the position that Danny is about to vacate. His concern is coming from the capacity of the company to hire employee as competent and experienced as Danny. Danny also serves as a ‘father’ figure in the company

c. Extent of concentration or delegation of decision-making powers
d. Compensation and benefits

Answer 67

B.

Promote, look for possible candidate from within (since there’s a problem with low morale)

Question 68

The following options shows details regarding 4 employees who are about to undergo training. Based on the data provided, who among them are generally expected to be proficient in the training?

a. Caroline who has the highest IQ in the group.
b. Geraldine who has 2 PhDs and an on-going
post-doctoral degree.
c. Justine who has the longest tenure and
most experienced in the group.
d. Jonaline who scored highest in vocational
interest in the job she is currently in.

Answer 68

a. Caroline who has the highest IQ in the group.

Fluid

Crystallized Intelligence - solid na, something novel would be more difficult to understand

Question 69

Why is it important to list as many factors as possible
in both driving and restraining forces in a force field
analysis?

a. To speed up the decision-making process
b. To simplify the analysis process
c. To ensure that both sides of the diagram are
filled equally
d. To accurately represent the complexity of
the situation

Question 70

What should be done if the driving forces are
marginally stronger than the restraining forces in a
force field analysis?

a. Immediately implement the change without
further analysis
b. Focus on weakening the driving forces
c. Reinforce the driving forces to ensure a
significant advantage
d. Reconsider and look for alternative ways to
address the change

Question 71

What distinguishes businesses using force field
analysis as a decision-making tool?

a. They prioritize restraining forces over driving forces
b. They exclude external factors from their analyses
c. They visually represent factors surrounding a proposed change
d. They solely rely on psychological factors for
decision-making

Question 72

Which theory and concern are incorrectly paired?

a. Neoclassical - Shift of work
b. Classical theory - Responsibilities on the job
c. Neoclassical - Skills of the applicant
d. Classical - Employees under one’s command

Answer 72

a. Neoclassical - Shift of work

Shift of work is under Classical Theory not Neoclassical because it talks about “Work”

Question 73

Dennis needs an applicant who will replace Benjie, a
manager who doesn’t work well with his
subordinates. There were issues that Benjie doesn’t
have creative inputs and relies on suggestions given
to him. Other than creativity issue, he is hesitant in
making decisions which is unlikely of the position.
Dennis relied on the results of the simulation
exercises provided by the assessment center to get
the best replacement for Benjie. What is your
comment on this?

a. Dennis is correct on using simulations since it demonstrates creativity, decision making, and ability to work with others.
b. Dennis is wrong. He should have relied on the results of business games.
c. Role play should have been a better option to replace Benjie to ascertain interpersonal skills.
d. He should use behavior modelling to weed
unwanted behaviors and cultivate exemplary performances.

Answer 73

b. Dennis is wrong. He should have relied on the results of business games.

Issue with creativity, decision-making,

Question 74

Which of the following is an advantage of
globalization in the manufacturing industry?

a. Limited access to global markets
b. Improved communication between employees
c. Decreased quality of products
d. Increased cost of production

Question 75

Which of the following is a common characteristic of team-based organizations in a fast-changing industry environment?

a. Individual achievements are more valued than team accomplishments
b. Flexibility in adapting to a fast-changing environment
c. Clear promotional paths for employees
d. Limited adaptability to industry changes

Answer 75

b. Flexibility in adapting to a fast-changing environment

Question 76

Which one of the following is a disadvantage of the team-based organizational structure?

a. Increased productivity
b. Less opportunity for job improvements
c. Reduced employee job satisfaction
d. Limited agility of the workforce

Answer 76

b. Less opportunity for job improvements

Question 77

(1) Matrix structure has distinct relationships with elements like job design, departmentation, delegation, span of control, and chain of command? (2) To improve organizational structure and design, it is important for organizations to understand different organizational theories.

a. First statement is correct
b. Second statement is correct
c. Both statements are correct
d. Both statements are incorrect

Answer 77

b. Second statement is correct

Distinct relationship with elements - elements of organizational structure as a whole

Theories better understand structure

Classical - hierarchical

Neoclassical - functional

Open System - network/teambased

Question 78

We-phone company is divided into departments; A, B, and C. Department A produces tablets, which department B is responsible for the phones. Department C designs the laptops and desktops their company sells. This type of departmentalization has the advantage of all the following, except

a. Less conflict between major sub-units
b. Easier communication between sub-units
c. Less complex coordination mechanisms
d. Easier job mobility among employees

Answer 78

d. Easier job mobility among employees

Job mobility - means chance of promotion

Product Departmentalization - each department produces different products.

Type of departmentalization: PRODUCT (manufacturing)

Advantage EXCEPT:

A - less conflict between major sub-unit IS a characteristic/advantage of product departmentalization

B - Still an advantage

C - you do this everytime so it’s less complex

D - Job mobility (chances for promotion; gumalaw position mo from your initial position) you are not able to show leadership skills

Question 79

Following the concept of line and staff, who are the line personnel in an organization that teaches IT related courses?

a. Faculty assistants
b. Accounting and finance departments
c. Researchers
d. IT staff

Answer 79

c. Researchers

Bawas yung time mo, rendering time sa isang project

Organization that teaches IT-related courses - education > teachers. What do teachers do? Research.

Faculty assistants - staff

IT staff - staff

Trifocalization in education (for regularization)- research, instruction, community extensions

Question 80

Ben, Mark, and Renee are managers within manila branch of XYZ company. They meet and consult among themselves without asking for permission to Annie, their direct supervisor. This is an example of which principle?

a. This is an example of Fayol’s scalar chain principle.
b. This suggests a lack of discipline among the employees.
c. This should be discouraged as they may plot against Annie.
d. This enhances unity of command among the three employees.

Answer 80

a. This is an example of Fayol’s scalar chain principle.

Scalar chain - not just vertical, also includes lateral

Lateral - Ben, Mark and Renee

Question 81

Marco gained his masteral degree in accountancy while he worked with company XYZ as an accounting supervisor. He expected promotion upon his completion of his degree however, their company has just started a few years back and follows flat organizational structure. Is there an obligation for the company to promote Marco?

a. Yes. Obtaining a master’s degree is
considered as compensatory job factor
which means he should be promoted as
soon as possible.
b. No. It is the company’s prerogative to
promote those who need to be promoted
based on their qualifications.
c. Yes. Company design is irrelevant to the position one holds in an organization.
d. No. If there are no vacant positions in the upper management, then promotion cannot be given.

Answer 81

d. No. If there are no vacant positions in the upper management, then promotion cannot be given.

Flat organizational structure - no middle management

Marco‘s expectation in his career is wrong because they dont have middle management

Hindi dahil sa ayaw, sadyang walang mappromotan

Question 82

Who is a change agent in organizational change?

a. Anyone, in any department and in any position, with enough knowledge and power to guide and facilitate the change effort.
b. Someone who directs attention away from
the group’s problems but foresees the problems that could potentially arise from the problematic scenario.
c. An individual who introduces intervention and evaluates changes
d. A person who diagnoses the forces that
drive and restrain proposed organizational change.

Question 83

What does succession planning involve?

a. Implementing customer-centric approach
b. Using technology to enhance customer interactions and relationships
c. Implementing initiatives for skill development and career growth amongst all employees
d. Preparing for leadership changes by developing and promoting internal talent

Answer 83

d. Preparing for leadership changes by developing and promoting internal talent

Question 84

LMX: ______:: ______ : Neoclassical

a. Modern, Theory X
b. Neoclassical, IMPACT
c. Sociotechnical, Pathgoal theory
d. Systems: Theory Y

Answer 84

b. Neoclassical, IMPACT

LMX - person

IMPACT - climate (cant be rigid, flexible)

Both Neoclassical

Question 85

Which one of the following is a disadvantage of the team-based organizational structure?

a. It can create a culture of favoritism based on relationships or friendship
b. It promotes healthy competition,
innovation, and collaboration
c. It allows for effective communication that brings stability to the organization
d. It makes it much easier to assign
responsibility for actions and results

Answer 85

a. It can create a culture of favoritism based on relationships or friendship

Question 86

Which one of the following is an advantage of the network organizational structure?

a. It allows for effective communication that brings stability to the organization
b. It helps build a culture that contributes to higher morale
c. It promotes healthy competition,
innovation, and collaboration
d. It makes it much easier to assign
responsibility for actions and results

Answer 86

c. It promotes healthy competition, innovation, and collaboration

A - May communication but no stability because of temporal nature.

Question 87

Which of the following is NOT a primary aspect addressed by classical theory in organizational theory?

a. Division of professional tasks
b. Professional dynamics and relationships within an organization
c. Importance of employee motivation
d. Impact of relationships on company
function and production

Answer 87

c. Importance of employee motivation

b. Professional dynamics and relationships within an organization = because classical theory addresses PROFESSIONAL relationships
d. Impact of relationships on company
function and production = because classical theory addresses company function and production

Question 88

Which of the following is a characteristic of the line organizational structure?
a. Relies on open communication and reliable partners
b. Open communication and collaboration between team members
c. No managers
d. Narrow span of control

Answer 88

d. Narrow span of control

Means kaunti lang yung hawak na tao

Question 89

What does ‘Mergers and Acquisitions’ involve in the
context of wide-scale organizational change?

a. Redesigning core business processes to achieve significant improvements in efficiency and effectiveness
b. Adopting new technologies and digital processes to improve efficiency and competitiveness
c. Implementing strategies to foster a more diverse and inclusive workplace
d. Combining two or more organizations or restructuring existing ones

Question 90

What is emphasized in successfully managing wide-
scale changes?

a. Fostering a culture that values continuous learning and adaptation
b. Implementing customer relationship management systems
c. Using technology to enhance customer interactions and relationships
d. Involving key stakeholders, communicating transparently, and providing the necessary support and resources for employees to adapt to the changes

Question 91

Kevin has highly satisfied employees after doing the following strategies below. Which strategy is not considered as motivator based on two-factor theory?

a. He plans to send his employees in to
training to enhance growth in their job.
b. He plans to delegate to employees more control over their job.
c. He intends to increase the responsibility of his employees over their work.
d. He intends to increase their salary to 7% annually.

Answer 91

d. He intends to increase their salary to 7% annually.

As per 2 Factor Theory, Salary is a Hygiene

NOT motivator: hygiene

D - salary/pay, is hygiene

The rest are motivators

Question 92

MBC company has a strong reliance on their employees to achieve their goals. To achieve their goals, employees, at times, are tasked with other projects beyond their usual job. Rather than hiring from the outside, they gathered employees who are willing to accept these responsibilities. In this manner, what should the employees expect from their management?

a. Employees who are willing to accept these responsibilities are paid higher than their usual pay.
b. Employees who are willing to accept these responsibilities should receive fewer responsibilities from their usual position.
c. Employees who are not willing to accept responsibilities should be penalized for their insubordination.
d. Employees who are not willing to accept responsibilities should shoulder the responsibilities that other employees will be leaving out.

Answer 92

b. Employees who are willing to accept these responsibilities should receive fewer responsibilities from their usual position.

Matrix structure - can have multiple roles, limited naman ang tasks mo for each; for cost efficiency

Question 93

JJJ group of companies have independent operational flow on all its subsidiaries. This minimizes the risk of one company’s failure affecting the others. However, employees start to feel unmotivated as they cannot practice other roles, they wish to take part on. JJJ should adapt which organizational structure?

a. Line organizational structure
b. Network organizational structure
c. Divisional organizational structure
d. Matrix organizational structure

Answer 93

d. Matrix organizational structure

Current structure: Divisional

SHOULD ADAPT: Matrix

Question 94

What is the contingency approach in organizational systems suggests that Different environments require different organizational relationships for optimum effectiveness. Vertical differentiation refers to the degree of differentiation between units based on the orientation of members, the nature of tasks they perform, and their education and training.

a. The first statement is correct, while the second statement is wrong.
b. The first statement is wrong, while the
the second statement is correct.
c. Both the first and second statements are correct.
d. Both the first and second statements are wrong.

Answer 94

a. The first statement is correct, while the second statement is wrong.

Second statement is wrong because education and training is horizontal differentiation

Contingency approach - different decisions, solutions in different problems; highlight FLEXIBILITY

Horizontal differentiation - Highlight EDUCATION and TRAINING

Question 95

What are the ethical concerns related to organizational change?

a. No ethical concerns
b. Decreased privacy rights and increased employee power
c. Enhanced privacy and reduced
management power
d. Threats to privacy rights and increased management power

Question 96

XYZ company wishes to upgrade their HRIS software in their company. With all the features of the new software, the company cannot disregard the benefit
the company will get from this change. With the expected reaction from the employees, what strategies should be among the choices of the human resources developers?

a. Refreezing, unfreezing, changing
b. Communication, learning, involvement, coping support, negotiation, and sparing
use of coercion
c. Driving forces and a clear, well-articulated vision of the desired future state
d. Training, orientation, and job instructions training

Question 97

In what way can effective leadership in a VUCA world
be defined?

a. Isolation from external disruptions
b. Decisive and authoritarian leadership style
c. Dynamic adaptability and openness to change
d. Rigid and unchanging leadership approach

Question 98

The acronym VUCA Prime represents the following
words

a. Variability, Unpredictability, Complexity, Ambiguity
b. Value, Utilization, Change, Achievement
c. Vision, Understanding, Clarity, Agility
d. Volatility, Uncertainty, Coordination, Adaptability

Question 99

ABC Company, an international baby company, is
branching out to the Philippines and have hired several Filipino employees. Other than the legal aspect of owning a business in the Philippines, ABC
also must deal with the culture and languages the Filipino families have. To reach out the market, they must construct a mechanism to deal with the geography the country has. Managers should also understand that there are vast differences between
and among cultures and dialects in the archipelago. To be a successful organization, the leader should be
able to ___.

a. Provide a unifying vision built on the various elements across the organization.
b. Exploring and experimenting on strategies to create role-comprehension among employees.
c. Identify common themes among the different factors to provide a simplified approach.
d. Immediately adapt from a foreign used-to’s to local used-to’s