P5 BIOCHEMISTRY

Question 1

types of liver failure

Answer 1

fulminant hepatic failure and
sub-fulminant hepatic failure

Question 2

fulminant hepatic failure occurs in ( weeks )

Answer 2

8 weeks

Question 3

sub-fulminant hepatic failure ( weeks)

Answer 3

26 weeks

Question 4

mention at least 4 Signs and symptoms of liver failure

Answer 4

-Encephalopathy
- Cerebral edema
- ascites
- jaundice
- upper GI bleeding
- HTN , bradycardia

Question 5

mention at least 4 causes of liver failure

Answer 5

• Acetaminophen overdose
• hepatitis
• toxins
• cancer
• metabolic diseases
• herbal supplements
• autoimmune diseases

Question 6

2 diagnostic features that necessitate hospital admission

Answer 6

• Prolonged PT
• mental status changes

Question 7

NADPH keeps glutathione in the reduced form.
Where do we get it from

Answer 7

HAEXOS-monophosphate shunt

Question 8

A precursor of glutathione, it increases the concentration of glutathione

Answer 8

N-acetylcysteine

Question 9

enzyme that reduces Glutathione

Answer 9

Glutathione reductase

Question 10

Acetaminophen is primarily metabolized by

Answer 10

conjugation

Question 11

Consequences of Acute Hepatic Failure

Answer 11

• pH & Electrolyte imbalance
  -Increase in blood ammonia
• Hypoalbuminaemia

Question 12

causes of hepatorenal failure

Answer 12

• vasoconstriction of the renal circulation
• due failure of detoxifications

Question 13

Metabolite that causes liver damage in Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity

Answer 13

N -acetyl-p –benzoquinoneimine (NAPQI).

Question 14

Contraindications of liver biopsy

Answer 14

Coagulo- pathy

Question 15

liver cells that synthesises albumin

Answer 15

Hepatocyte

Question 16

liver cells that are part of the reticuloendothelial system

Answer 16

Kupffer cells

Question 17

2 examples of liver detoxification functions

Answer 17

1- phenobarbital
2-estrogen degradation

Question 18

Failure of estrogen degradation by the liver in alcoholic male results in

Answer 18

1-gynecomastia
2-telangiectasis

Question 19

impairment of glucose homoeostasis leading to hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia is known as

Answer 19

hepatic diabetes phenomenon