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UNIT 9 MULTI-SYSTEMS > P2 PHARAMCOLOGY > Flashcards

P2 PHARAMCOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Main androgens in the body are

A

Testosterone & Dihydrotestosterone

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2
Q

Sources of androgens

A
  • Testes
  • Adrenal glands
  • Prostate cancer cells
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3
Q

a surgical castration that is the Least expensive & simplest form of androgen deprivation therapy

A

Orchiectomy

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4
Q

route & frequency of administration of LHRH agonist

A

Injected every month or by SC mini-
osmotic pump implant once a year

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5
Q

First injection of LHRH agonists initially increases testosterone levels before reaching very low levels , this is known as

A

flare phenomenon

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6
Q

what conditions the flare phenomenon may worsen

A
  • bone pain
  • pain / paralysis
  • urinary difficulty
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7
Q

how to avoid the flare phenomenon

A

by giving anti-androgens during initial weeks

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8
Q

Examples of LHRH agonists

A

leuprolide, goserelin, triptorelin

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9
Q

Continuous (non-pulsatile) administration effects of LHRH agonists results in

A
  • Reduced LH & FSH secretion
  • ovarian suppression
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10
Q

Intermittent(pulsatile) administration effects of LHRH agonists results in

A

-Increased LH & FSH secretion
- Controlled ovarian stimulation for ovulation induction in ART

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11
Q

the inhibition of FSH & LH release by sustained non-pulsatile results in

A

hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

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12
Q

Examples of LHRH antagonist

A

Degarelix, Relugolix

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13
Q

MOA of LHRH antagonist

A
  • Competitive antagonist of GnRH receptors
  • Inhibit secretion of FSH & LH
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14
Q

route & frequency of administration of LHRH antagonist

A

a monthly SC injection

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15
Q

ADR of LHRH antagonist

A

pain , redness & swelling at the injection site

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16
Q

Mention at least 3 ADR of Androgen deprivation therapy

A
  • anemia , fatigue
  • reduced libido , impotence
  • testicular & penile atrophy
  • hot flashes , breast tenderness & gynecmastia
  • weight gain
  • dyslipidemia
  • osteoporosis , fractures
17
Q

what drug is given to lower adrenal androgens

A

Abiraterone

18
Q

MOA of Abiraterone

A

block the enzyme CYP17

19
Q

which anti-fungal drug block the production of androgens in adrenal glands

A

Ketoconazole

20
Q

MOA of Androgen Receptor Antagonists

A

Block androgen receptors in prostate

21
Q

examples of Androgen Receptor Antagonists

A

Flutamide, bicalutamide, enzalutamide, apalutamide

22
Q

drugs used initially to prevent tumor flare

A

Flutamide; bicalutamide, enzalutamide, apalutamide
(androgen receptor antagonists )

23
Q

ADRs OF estrogens that caused them not be used anymore

A

thromboembolism & gynecomastia

24
Q

drug that is given by IV for multi-drug resistant organisms causing UTI

A

Colistin

25
Q

Colistin ADR

A

Nephrotoxic and neurotoxic

UNIT 9 MULTI-SYSTEMS (24 decks)

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