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Reproduction > Ovarian Cancer > Flashcards

Ovarian Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

When do follicular cysts form?

A

when ovulation doesn’t occur- doesn’t rupture but grows until becomes a cyst

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2
Q

What cells line follicular cysts?

A

granulosa cells

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3
Q

What is the prognosis of follicular cysts?

A

resolve over a few months

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4
Q

What is endometriosis?

A

endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine body

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5
Q

What is the name for endometriosis cysts on the ovary?

A

chocolate cyst

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6
Q

What is the pathogenesis of ovarian endometriosis?

A

regurgitation; metaplasia; vascualr/lymphatic dissemination

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7
Q

What is seen macroscopically with ovarian endometriosis?

A

peritoneal spots or nodules; fibrous adhesions; chocolate cysts

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8
Q

What are the complications of endometriosis?

A

pain; cyst formation; adhesions; infertility; ectopic pregnnayc; malignancy

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9
Q

What malignancy is associated with endometriosis?

A

endometrioid carcinoma

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10
Q

How are epithelial ovarian tumours categorised?

A

benign; borderline or malignant

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11
Q

what is seen with benign epithelial ovarian tumours?

A

no cytological abnormalities; prolifertive activity or stromal invasion

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12
Q

What is seen with borderline epithelial ovarian tumours?

A

cytological abnormalities, proliferative; no stromal invasion

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13
Q

What classifies an epithelial ovarian tumour as malignant?

A

stromal invasion

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14
Q

How is serous carcinoma classified ?

A

high grade or low grade

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15
Q

What is origin of high grade serous carcinoma?

A

tubal

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16
Q

What is high grade serous carcinoam known as?

A

serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma

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17
Q

What else is a low grade serous carcinoma known as?

A

serous borderline tumour

18
Q

What are endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas associated with?

A

endometriosis of the ovary and lynch syndrome

19
Q

What is the normal stage of presentation with endometrioid carcinomas?

A

low grade and early stage

20
Q

What other name is lynch syndrome known as?

A

HNPCC

21
Q

What is a Brenner tumour?

A

tumour of transitional type epithelium, usually benign

22
Q

What is hte most common type of germ cell tumour?

A

dermoid cyst

23
Q

What is the prognosis with dermoid cysts?

A

rarely become malignant

24
Q

What is the most common malignant primitive germ cell tumour?

A

dysgerminoma

25
Q

Who gets dysgerminomas?

A

children and young women, average 22

26
Q

What may happen with fibromas/thecomas?

A

produce oestrogen causing uterine bleeding

27
Q

What is the grade of granulosa cell tumours?

A

all potentiall malignant

28
Q

What are the commonest mets to the ovary?

A

stomach, colon; breast; pancreas

29
Q

Waht is the name for a metastatic tumour to the ovary from the GI tract?

A

krukenberg tumour

30
Q

What is stage 1a ovarian cancer?

A

limited to one ovary

31
Q

What is Meigs syndrome most commonly caused by?

A

fibromas

32
Q

What is stage 1b ovarian cancer?

A

limited to both ovaries

33
Q

What is stage 1c ovarian cancer?

A

invovling ovarian surface/ rupture/surgical spill/tumour in washing

34
Q

What is stage 2a ovarian cancer?

A

extension of implants on uterus/fallopian tube

35
Q

what is stage 2b ovarian cancer?

A

extension to otehr pelvic intraperitoneal

36
Q

Waht is stage 3a ovarian cancer?

A

retroperitoneal lymph node mets or microscopic extrapelvic peritoneal involvement

37
Q

What is stage 3b ovarian cancer?

A

macroscopic peritoneal mets beyond pelvic upto 2cm

38
Q

What is stage 3c ovarian cancer?

A

macroscopic peritoneal mets >2cm

39
Q

Waht is stage 4 ovarian cancer?

A

distant mets

40
Q

What is the cell of origin for serous cacners?

A

fallopian tube

41
Q

What is the cell of origin for mucinous cancers?

A

cervix

42
Q

what is the cell of origin for clear cell cancers?

A

mesonephros

Reproduction (52 decks)

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