Female Reproductive System and Breast Flashcards
What is the Pouch of Douglas?
recto-uterine pouch
How can fluid collection in the pouch of douglas be drained?
needle through posterior fornix of the vagina
What is the broad ligament?
double layer of peritoneum
What is the function of the broad ligament?
maintina the uterus in its correct midlien position
Where does the broad ligament extend between?
uterus and lateral walls and floow of the pelvic
What is found within the broad ligament?
uterine tubes and proximal part of hte round ligament
What is the round ligament?
embryological remnant
What does the round ligament attach between?
lat aspect of the uterus to the superficial tissue of the female perineum
What are teh 3 layers of hte uterus?
perimetrium; myometrium and endometrium
What is the most common position of the uterus?
anteverted and anteflexed
What is anteverted?
uterus is tipped anteiorly relative to the axis of the vagina
What si anteflexed?
uterus is tipped antiorly relative to the axis of the cervic
What is retroverted?
uterus tipped post relative to axis of vagina
What is retroflexed?
uterus tipped posteiorrly relative to axis of cervix
What gynae procedure can result in damage to the ureters?
hysterectomy
What is the fornix of the vagina?
superiorly the walls are not in contact as held open by the cervix. fornix= space aroudn the cervix
How many parts are there of the fornix?
4- 2 lat; ant and post
The line which separates the urogenital traingle and anal triangle is created ebtween which points?
ischial tuberosities
What is the nerve supply of the levator ani?
S3,4,5- nerve to levator ani and pudendal
What muscle supplies the perineal muscles?
pudendal
What si the perineal body?
bundle of collagenous and elastic tissue into which the perineal muscles attach
Where are Bartholin’s glands located?
posteiror edge of vaginal opening
What is the function of Bartholin’s glands?
secrete mucus to lubricate opening to vagina
What are Bartholin’s glands equiavalent to in male?
Cowper’s/bulbourethral glands
What are the adnexae?
uterine tubes and ovaries
What ribs does the bed of breast extend between?
ribs 2-6
What fasciae do the breasts lie on?
deep fascia covering pec major and serratus anteiror
What is found between the deep fascia and the breast?
retromammary space which allows breast to move
What attaches the breast to the skin?
suspensory ligaments
What is the function of asking a patient to place her hands on her hips during breast exam?
fixes the pec muscles to determine if lump is mobile like breast should be
Where does most lymph from the breast ho?
ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes and then to supraclavicular
Where can lymph from inner breast quadrants drain to?
parasternal lymph nodes
Where can lymph from the lower inner breast Q drain?
abdo lymph nodes
What is level I axillary node clearance?
inferior and lateral to pec minor
What is level II axillary node clearance?
deep to pec minor
what is level III axillary node clearance?
superior and emedial to pec minor
What is the main arterial supply to the breasts?
internal mammary a. from the internal thoracic a. ; also axillary branches and branches from posteiror intercostal a. (ribs 2,3,4)
