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Reproduction > Embryology of Genital Tracts > Flashcards

Embryology of Genital Tracts Flashcards

1
Q

Why is the inital stage of genital development referred to as the indifferent stage of genital devleopment?

A

early genital systems of the two sexes are similar

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2
Q

When does gondal development begin?

A

week 5

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3
Q

What is the gonadal ridge?

A

a bulge of proliferating mesonephros

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4
Q

Where do the primordial germ cells originate?

A

wall of the umbilical vesicle (yolk sac) from the epiblast

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5
Q

How do the primordial germ cells reach the gonadal ridges?

A

migrate along the mesentery of the hindgut

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6
Q

What happens to the primordial germ cells in the 6th week?

A

primordial cells enter the underlying mesenchyme and are incorporated into the gonadal cords

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7
Q

What type of substance is mullerian-inhibiting factor?

A

glycoprotein

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8
Q

What tissue forms the urinary and reproductive systemms?

A

intermediate mesoderm

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9
Q

What effect does the arrival of the primordial germ cells have on the mesonephros?

A

stimulates proliferation to form the genital ridge

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10
Q

What is the difference between the medullary and cortical cord development in presence with and without SRY?

A

with SRY, medullary cords develop whereas in ovary cortical cords develop and medullary degenerate

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11
Q

What forms the medullary gonadal cords?

A

mesonephric tubule

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12
Q

What forms the cortical cords?

A

surface epithelium of the gonad

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13
Q

What are the paramesonephric ducts also known as?

A

Mullerian duct

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14
Q

Which cells secrete mullerian inhibiting substance?

A

sertoli cells

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15
Q

What other name is given to the mesonephric tubule?

A

Wolffian ducts

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16
Q

What parts of the male genital system does the mesonephric ducts give rise to?

A

efferent ductules; epididymis; vas deferens and seminal vesicles

17
Q

How does the epididymis form?

A

mesonephric ducts near testis will become highly coiled

18
Q

What is the tunica vaginalis?

A

peritoneum anterior to testis in scrotum

19
Q

What is the function of the gubernaculum testis?

A

anchors the testis to scrotum

20
Q

What tissue forms the internal spermatic fascia?

A

transversalis fascia

21
Q

What tissue forms the cremasteric fascia?

A

internal oblique

22
Q

What tissue forms the external spermatic fascia?

A

external oblique

23
Q

What do the cortical cords embedded in primordial germ cells go on to form?

A

separate to become primordial follicles

24
Q

What happens to the distal ends of the paramesonephric ducts?

A

meet in the midline to form the uterine canal and join to the wall of the urogenital sinus

25
Q

What happens when the paramesonephric ducts join to the wall of the urogenital sinus?

A

causes area of wall to proliferate creating hte sinovaginal bulb

26
Q

What do the sinovaginal bulbs proliferate to form?

A

the vaginal plate

27
Q

What is the difference between the origins of the upper and lower vagina/

A

upper third- paramesonephric ducts; lower 2/3rds- proliferation of endoderm of urogenitla sinus

28
Q

What is the ligament of the ovary proper formed from?

A

gubernaculum- attaches from ovary to uterus (where gubernaculum attaches to paramesonrphric duct)

29
Q

What does the cloaca form?

A

anteriorly- bladder and definitive urogential sinus; posteiorrl-rectum/anal canal

30
Q

What is formed when the cloacal folds fuse cranially

A

genital tubercle

31
Q

What is found either sidde of the cloacal folds?

A

genital swellings

32
Q

what do the genital swellings form?

A

scrotum and labia majora

33
Q

What does the cloacal membrane divide into?

A

urogenital and anal membranes

34
Q

what do the cloacal folds divide into?

A

urethral and anal folds

35
Q

What does the urethral fold give rise to in females?

A

labia minora

Reproduction (52 decks)

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