Anatomy of O&G Incisions

Question 1

What are Langer lines?

Answer 1

pattern of lines following collagen fibres

Question 2

What ribs does EO attach to?

Answer 2

5-12

Question 3

What are the attachments of EO?

Answer 3

ribs; iliac crest; pubic tubercle and linea alba

Question 4

What is the linea alba?

Answer 4

midline blending of aponeuroses

Question 5

What is formed by the inferior free edge of the EO?

Answer 5

inguinal ligmanet

Question 6

At what point does the EO become aponeurotic apporiximately?

Answer 6

midclavicular line

Question 7

What are the attachemnts of IO?

Answer 7

lower ribs- 10-12; thoracolumbar fascia; iliac crest and linea alba

Question 8

What are the attachemnts of TA?

Answer 8

lower ribs; thoracolumbar fascia; iliac crest and linea alba

Question 9

What divides the rectus abdominus?

Answer 9

tendinous intersections

Question 10

What is the function of hte tendinous intersections of TA?

Answer 10

improved mechanical effiency

Question 11

What does the linea alba run between?

Answer 11

xiphoid process to pubic sympysis

Question 12

What is the rectus sheath?

Answer 12

combined aponeuroses of anterolateral abdo wall muscles

Question 13

What is found in the space between TA and IO?

Answer 13

all NVBs to anterolateral abdo wall run

Question 14

Where do the NVBs in the thorax run?

Answer 14

between internal and innermost intercostal muscles

Question 15

What is the function of pyramidalis?

Answer 15

tenses linea alba

Question 16

What is the attachment of pyramidalis?

Answer 16

pubic bones to linea alba

Question 17

Where does the arcuate line lie?

Answer 17

13rd of wat between umbilicaus and pubic crest

Question 18

What is the difference between the rectus sheath above and below the arcuate line?

Answer 18

above- anterior and posterior rectus sheath; below- just antieorr rectus sheath

Question 19

What forms the anteiror rectus sheath above the arcuate line?

Answer 19

EO and IO

Question 20

What forms the posteiror rectus sheath above the arcuate line?

Answer 20

IO and TA

Question 21

What forms the anteiror rectus sheath below the arcuate line?

Answer 21

EO; IO and TA

Question 22

What is foudn deep to TA?

Answer 22

transversalis fascia; extraperitoneal fat and peritoneal peritoneum

Question 23

What is the nerve supply to the anterolateral abdo wall?

Answer 23

thoracoabdominal nerves; subcostal; iliohyogastric and ilioinguinal

Question 24

What nerves form the thoracoabdominal nerves?

Answer 24

7-11th intercostal nerves

Question 25

What is the nerve root of subcostal?

Answer 25

T12

Question 26

What artery are the superior epigastric arteries a continuation of?

Answer 26

internal thoracic

Question 27

Where do the epigastric arteries lie?

Answer 27

posterior to rectus abdominus

Question 28

What are the inferior epigastric arteries a branch of?

Answer 28

external iliac artery

Question 29

What arteries supply the anteiror abdo wall?

Answer 29

sup. and inf. epigastric arteries

Question 30

Where do the epigastric arteries anastamose?

Answer 30

arounnd the umbilicus

Question 31

What arteries supply the lateral abdominal wall?

Answer 31

intercostal and subcostal arteries

Question 32

What are the intercostal nad subcostal arteries branches of?

Answer 32

posteiror intercostal arteies

Question 33

How is trauma to muscle fibres minimised when making incisions?

Answer 33

incising in same direction as muscle fibre

Question 34

What is the problem with a midline incision for laparotomy?

Answer 34

relatively bloodless which increases chance of wound complications

Question 35

What should be avoided when making a lateral port for laparscopy?

Answer 35

inferior epiastric artery

Question 36

Where does the inferior epigastric artery emerge?

Answer 36

just medial to the deep inguinal ring

Question 37

What direction does the inferior epigastric artery travel?

Answer 37

superomedially