Ovarian cancer Flashcards

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1
Q

ovarian cancer is the most _______ womens reproductive cancer

A

lethal

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2
Q

why is ovarian cancer the most lethal female reproductive cancer?

A

because difficult to diagnose (75% metastasis at detection)

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3
Q

etiology and risk factors of ovarian cancer?

A
  • ageing (between 65 & 84 years): also ovlulatory age (duration of unsuppressed cycles-cycle can be broken by pregnancy, lactation, birth contorl pills)
  • autosomal dominant in some forms
  • family history in others (reproductive cancers, if has breast cancer more increased risk to have ovarian cancer, and more at risk if family member has)
  • other risk factors: -nulliparity (no children - menstrual cycle never suppressed) infertility??
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4
Q

what are the three categories of tissue in the ovary?

A
  • Epithelial
  • germ cell
  • stromal
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5
Q

90% of ovarian cancer originates in the _____ tissue

A

epithelial

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6
Q

what does autosomal dominant mean?

A

only have to inherit abnormal gene from one of the parents (offspring has 50% chance of getting)

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7
Q

patho of ovarian cancer?

A

3 categories of tissue in the ovary:
-Epithelial (90% of cancer is in epithelial )
-germ cell
-stromal
silent growth and spread:
-tubes, uterus, ligaments & other organs
(pressure on adjacent organs or abdominal distention(damage causing inflm & ascities))
mets via Lymph and blood
papillations are the primary tumors

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8
Q

papillations are

A

the primary tumors in ovarian cancer

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9
Q

what are the manifestations of ovarian cancer?

A
  • early: non-specific GI disturbances
  • pain
  • urinary & bowel obstruction
  • abdominal distention
  • ascities & dyspnea
  • pelvic mass usually 1st finding (but that is usually late into cancer)
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10
Q

what is usually the 1st finding with ovarian cancer?

A

-pelvic mass

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11
Q

diagnosing ovarian cancer?

A

-Ultrasound & exploratory surgery (laparotomy-surgical incision into abdominal cavity)

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12
Q

treatment of ovarian cancer

A
  • aggressive
  • radical surgery (excise lots of reproductive tract, -uterus, tubes, ovaries & omentum)
  • then chemo (for intermediate & advanced disease)
  • some recover fully
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13
Q

what is the omentum?

A

membrane that covers and supports intestines and organs in lower abdominal region

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