appendicitis Flashcards

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1
Q

what is an appendicitis

A

inflm of the appendix

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2
Q

what kind of onset does an appendicitis have

A

acute onset

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3
Q

what is the common age when an appendicitis may occur

A

common between 5-30 yrs
peak (20-30)
though can occur at any age

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4
Q

where is the appendix

A

at the ileocecal valve of the ccecum , ascending colon of the large intestine LOWER RIGHT QUADRANT

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5
Q

what kind of tissue is the appendix made up of? and thus may be involved in ?

A

lymphoid tissue may be involved in some immune function: -creates immune cells
-helps body develop tolerance to normal gut flora

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6
Q

Etiology

A
  • idiopathic

- there are 2 theories

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7
Q

what are the 2 theories of causes for appendicitis

A

1) obstruction d/t fecal matter causing intraluminal obstruction (fecalith): causing an increase in pressure d/t mucus buildup & bacterial growth
2) Appendix twists inducing trauma leading to the inflm (twist in middle causing obstruction & unable to drain)

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8
Q

patho of appendicitis

A
  • increase in mucus secretion which increases intraluminal pressure
  • lumen obstruction
  • mucus drainage into cecum blocked
  • increased intraluminal pressure
  • exceeds venous pressure
  • venous stasis
  • ischemia
  • necorosis
  • bacteria invade appendix and wall

Complication: can lead to peritonitis & death

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9
Q

what is a SERIOUS complication of appendiciits

A

perforation which can lead to peritonitis and death

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10
Q

mnfts of appendicitis

A
  • abrupt onset reffered pain: epigastric or periumblical
  • episodes of nausea & vomiting
  • pain increases & becomes colicky over 12 hrs
  • pain then localizes to lower right quadrant:
    - rebound pain
    - Guarded pain
    - McBurneys point
  • increase in WBCS and Temp
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11
Q

rebound pain is?

A

palpate then release pain upon release

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12
Q

Guarded pain IS

A

fetal position, protect yourself pain

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13
Q

Mcburneys point?

A

mid point between belly button & illiac crest

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14
Q

Tx

A
  • IV fluids (for preoperative)
  • Antibiotics (for preoperative)
  • appendectomy if required in 24-48 hr (if delayed may cause perforation & peritonitis)
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