inflammatory bowel disease Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the two chronic conditions of inflammatory bowel disease

A
  • crohns disease

- ulceratvie colitis

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2
Q

what is the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease

A
  • genetic susceptibility -not pinpointed to one specific gene
  • environmental trigger (COMPLEX TRAIT)
  • loss of immune tolerance for NORMAL gut flora (just gut flora immune defenses in gut targeting them)
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3
Q

what kind of lesions are there in crohns disease

A

skip lesions

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4
Q

what are the lesions like in ulcerative colitits

A

continuous (lesion) involvement of colon, beginning with rectum

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5
Q

what type of inflm does crohns disease have

A

granulomatous

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6
Q

what type of inflm does ulcerative colitis have

A

ulcerative & exudative

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7
Q

what level of bowel is invovled in crohns disease

A

primarily submucosal

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8
Q

what level of bowel is invovled in ulcerative colitis

A

primarily mucosal

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9
Q

extent of involvement in crohns disease

A

skip lesions

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10
Q

extent of involvement in ulcerative colitis

A

continuous

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11
Q

areas of involvement crohns disease

A

primarily ileum, secondarily colon

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12
Q

areas of involvement ulcerative colitis

A

primarily rectum and left colon

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13
Q

diarrhea common characteristic of crohns disease

A

yes

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14
Q

diarrhea common characterstic of ulcerative colitis

A

yes

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15
Q

does rectal bleeding happen with crohns or ulcerative colitis

A

crohns- rare

ulcerative colitis-common

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16
Q

do fistulas happen with crohns or ulcerative colitis

A

crohns- common

ulcerative colitis- rare

17
Q

do strictures happen with crohns or ulcerative colitis

A

crohns- common

ulcerative colitis- rare

18
Q

are peri anal abscesses crohns or ulcerative colitis

A

crohns- common

ulcerative colitis- rare

19
Q

development of cancer with crohns or ulcerative colitis

A

crohns-uncommon

ulcerative colitis- relatively common

20
Q

Chrons disease

A
  • granulomatus inflm skip lesions: -cobblestone appearance
  • primarily affects submucosa of terminal ileum
  • other layers & areas may be affected: 40% LI, 30% SI, 30% both small and large intestine
  • slow non aggressive progression
21
Q

Mnfts of crohns disease

A
  • intermittent diarrhea
  • abdominal colic (wavey pattern of pain, cramping, spasmotic)
  • WT loss
  • fluid & electrolyte imbalance

Complications: -fistulas (structural complications, tube may obstruct contents in bowel) -abscesses -bowel obstruction (structural changes can cause bowel obstruction & other reasons)

22
Q

why would a person loose weight if they had crohns disease?

A

parts of the small intestine are inflamed, inflammation damages & scar tissue, then cannot absorb nutrients through small intestine, nutritional deficiency d/t lack of absorption (decrease in absorptive surface causes nutritional deficiency)

23
Q

what are the Crypts of Liebuerkuhn

A

are glandular structures that open into spaces between the villi (the cells of these glands are called paneth cells that secrete intestinal juice as the gradually migrate along the side of the crypt & the villus they are eventually shed into the lumen of the intestine)
in ulcerative colitis a characteristic of the diseases is the lesions that form in the crypts of liebuerkuhn

24
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A
  • primarily affects mucosa of colon & rectum
  • proximal spread form rectum (begins in rectum progress proximaly to sigmoid colon to terminal descending colon
  • continuous lesions with:
    - crypt abscess
    - bleeding ulcers
    - inflamed & thickening of layer
    - pseudopolyps (areas of granulation tissue & inflammatory cells, like polyps pouches into intestinal wall)
    - edema & congestion
25
Q

Mnfts of ulcerative colitis

A
  • relapsing bloody diarrhea (when it relapses it is persistent)
  • abdominal cramping
26
Q

Diagnosing Inflammatory bowel disease

A
  • history, physical exam
  • sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, biopsy
  • exclude GI infection
27
Q

Treatment of Inflammatory bowel disease is based on

A

-based on severity

28
Q

Treatment of Inflammatory bowel disease is?

A
  • anti-inflm (eg. SULFASALAZONE)
  • steriods (if non-responsive to sulfasalazone, do not use steriods as first line because have many side effects dont want to use steriods longterm or in high doses)
  • immunomodulator (eg. METHOTREXATE)
  • Abx for overgrowth (only if there is overgrowth of normal flora)
  • Sx? if fistulas want to remove, -if bleeding ulcers need to drain ulcers -If area of the gut is too far gone non-responsive resect the gut (bowel resuction)
  • lifestyle modifications -diet, offending foods same as IBS